_version_ 1866917242322550784
author Marques-Chaves, R.
Álvarez-Márquez, J.
Colina, L.
Kendrew, S.
Abdurro'uf
Blanco-Prieto, C.
Boogaard, L. A.
Castellano, M.
Caputi, K. I.
Crespo-Gomez, A.
Fontana, A.
Fudamoto, Y.
Fujimoto, S.
García-Marín, M.
Harikane, Y.
Harish, S.
Hashimoto, T.
Hsiao, T.
Iani, E.
Inoue, A. K.
Langeroodi, D.
Lin, R.
Melinder, J.
Napolitano, L.
Ostlin, G.
Pérez-González, P. G.
Prieto-Jiménez, C.
Rinaldi, P.
Del Pino, B. Rodríguez
Santini, P.
Sugahara, Y.
Varo-O'ferral, A.
Wright, G.
Zavala, J.
author_facet Marques-Chaves, R.
Álvarez-Márquez, J.
Colina, L.
Kendrew, S.
Abdurro'uf
Blanco-Prieto, C.
Boogaard, L. A.
Castellano, M.
Caputi, K. I.
Crespo-Gomez, A.
Fontana, A.
Fudamoto, Y.
Fujimoto, S.
García-Marín, M.
Harikane, Y.
Harish, S.
Hashimoto, T.
Hsiao, T.
Iani, E.
Inoue, A. K.
Langeroodi, D.
Lin, R.
Melinder, J.
Napolitano, L.
Ostlin, G.
Pérez-González, P. G.
Prieto-Jiménez, C.
Rinaldi, P.
Del Pino, B. Rodríguez
Santini, P.
Sugahara, Y.
Varo-O'ferral, A.
Wright, G.
Zavala, J.
contents We present very deep (~11h) JWST/MIRI low-resolution spectroscopy of the rest-frame optical emission of U37126, a UV-bright (M_UV ~ -20), mildly lensed ($μ\simeq 2.2$) galaxy at z=10.255. The continuum emission is well detected in both NIRSpec and MIRI spectra, yet no nebular recombination or metal emission lines are observed (EW(Hbeta+[OIII])<300A and EW(Halpha)<400A, at 3sigma). Combined with the exceptionally blue UV continuum slope, beta_UV ~ -2.9, and weak/flat Balmer break, these constraints indicate a stellar population dominated by very young and massive stars with a strongly suppressed nebular contribution. Comparisons with synthetic stellar population models indicate that U37126 requires both a very high ionizing photon production efficiency, log(Xi_ion / Hz erg^-1) ~ 25.75, and a nearly unit LyC escape fraction, of fesc>86% (3sigma) based on Halpha flux limit and fesc=0.94+/-0.06 derived independently from SED fitting. The best-fit SED yields a (de-lensed) stellar mass of Mstar ~ 10^7.8 Msun and a star-formation rate of SFR~10Msun/yr (sSFR~160 Gyr^-1), that along with its very compact size, reff~61pc, yields very high stellar mass and star-formation-rate surface densities, Sigma_M ~ 3x10^3 Msun/pc^2 and Sigma_SFR ~ 400 Msun/yr/kpc^2. Together with the lack of detectable nebular emission, these properties suggest that U37126 is undergoing an ``ISM-naked'' starburst phase, possibly driven by an extremely efficient gas-to-star conversion followed by strong feedback that has cleared the remaining gas from its stellar core, allowing most LyC photons to escape. Finally, we show that even a small fraction of galaxies like U37126 (~ 3%-6%), with extreme LyC production and escape, could contribute disproportionately (~ 50%-100%) to the ionizing photon budget during cosmic reionization.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_02322
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle PRISMS. U37126, a very blue, ISM-naked starburst at z=10.255 with nearly 100% Lyman continuum escape fraction
Marques-Chaves, R.
Álvarez-Márquez, J.
Colina, L.
Kendrew, S.
Abdurro'uf
Blanco-Prieto, C.
Boogaard, L. A.
Castellano, M.
Caputi, K. I.
Crespo-Gomez, A.
Fontana, A.
Fudamoto, Y.
Fujimoto, S.
García-Marín, M.
Harikane, Y.
Harish, S.
Hashimoto, T.
Hsiao, T.
Iani, E.
Inoue, A. K.
Langeroodi, D.
Lin, R.
Melinder, J.
Napolitano, L.
Ostlin, G.
Pérez-González, P. G.
Prieto-Jiménez, C.
Rinaldi, P.
Del Pino, B. Rodríguez
Santini, P.
Sugahara, Y.
Varo-O'ferral, A.
Wright, G.
Zavala, J.
Astrophysics of Galaxies
We present very deep (~11h) JWST/MIRI low-resolution spectroscopy of the rest-frame optical emission of U37126, a UV-bright (M_UV ~ -20), mildly lensed ($μ\simeq 2.2$) galaxy at z=10.255. The continuum emission is well detected in both NIRSpec and MIRI spectra, yet no nebular recombination or metal emission lines are observed (EW(Hbeta+[OIII])<300A and EW(Halpha)<400A, at 3sigma). Combined with the exceptionally blue UV continuum slope, beta_UV ~ -2.9, and weak/flat Balmer break, these constraints indicate a stellar population dominated by very young and massive stars with a strongly suppressed nebular contribution. Comparisons with synthetic stellar population models indicate that U37126 requires both a very high ionizing photon production efficiency, log(Xi_ion / Hz erg^-1) ~ 25.75, and a nearly unit LyC escape fraction, of fesc>86% (3sigma) based on Halpha flux limit and fesc=0.94+/-0.06 derived independently from SED fitting. The best-fit SED yields a (de-lensed) stellar mass of Mstar ~ 10^7.8 Msun and a star-formation rate of SFR~10Msun/yr (sSFR~160 Gyr^-1), that along with its very compact size, reff~61pc, yields very high stellar mass and star-formation-rate surface densities, Sigma_M ~ 3x10^3 Msun/pc^2 and Sigma_SFR ~ 400 Msun/yr/kpc^2. Together with the lack of detectable nebular emission, these properties suggest that U37126 is undergoing an ``ISM-naked'' starburst phase, possibly driven by an extremely efficient gas-to-star conversion followed by strong feedback that has cleared the remaining gas from its stellar core, allowing most LyC photons to escape. Finally, we show that even a small fraction of galaxies like U37126 (~ 3%-6%), with extreme LyC production and escape, could contribute disproportionately (~ 50%-100%) to the ionizing photon budget during cosmic reionization.
title PRISMS. U37126, a very blue, ISM-naked starburst at z=10.255 with nearly 100% Lyman continuum escape fraction
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02322