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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02872 |
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| _version_ | 1866914303527878656 |
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| author | Mou, Banasree S. Winter, Stephen M. |
| author_facet | Mou, Banasree S. Winter, Stephen M. |
| contents | Although second harmonic generation (SHG) is a promising and widely used method recently for studying 2D magnetic materials, the quantitative analysis of the full SHG tensor is currently challenging. In this letter, we describe a first-principles-based approach towards quantitative analysis of SHG in insulating magnets through formulation in terms of dynamical effective operators. These operators are computed by solving local many-body cluster models. We benchmark this method on NiI$_2$, a multiferroic 2D van der Waals antiferromagnet, demonstrating quantitative analysis of reported Rotational Anisotropy (RA)-SHG data. SHG is demonstrated to probe local ring-current susceptibilities, which provide sensitivity to short-range chiral spin-spin correlations. The described methods may be easily extended to other non-linear optical responses and materials. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_02872 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Dynamical Effective Hamiltonian Approach to Second-Harmonic Generation in Quantum Magnets: Application to NiI$_2$ Mou, Banasree S. Winter, Stephen M. Strongly Correlated Electrons Although second harmonic generation (SHG) is a promising and widely used method recently for studying 2D magnetic materials, the quantitative analysis of the full SHG tensor is currently challenging. In this letter, we describe a first-principles-based approach towards quantitative analysis of SHG in insulating magnets through formulation in terms of dynamical effective operators. These operators are computed by solving local many-body cluster models. We benchmark this method on NiI$_2$, a multiferroic 2D van der Waals antiferromagnet, demonstrating quantitative analysis of reported Rotational Anisotropy (RA)-SHG data. SHG is demonstrated to probe local ring-current susceptibilities, which provide sensitivity to short-range chiral spin-spin correlations. The described methods may be easily extended to other non-linear optical responses and materials. |
| title | Dynamical Effective Hamiltonian Approach to Second-Harmonic Generation in Quantum Magnets: Application to NiI$_2$ |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02872 |