Primary charge-4e superconductivity from doping a featureless Mott insulator
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866915804475293696 |
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| author | Gao, Zhi-Qiang Wang, Yan-Qi Zhang, Ya-Hui Yang, Hui |
| author_facet | Gao, Zhi-Qiang Wang, Yan-Qi Zhang, Ya-Hui Yang, Hui |
| contents | Superconductivity is usually understood as a phase in which charge-$2e$ Cooper pairs are condensed. Charge-$4e$ superconductivity has largely been discussed as a vestigial order at finite temperature emerging from charge-$2e$ states. Primary charge-$4e$ superconducting phases at zero temperature remain scarce in both experiments and microscopic models. Here we argue that a doped featureless Mott insulator with $SU(4)$ symmetry provides a natural platform for primary charge-$4e$ superconductivity, based on perturbative renormalization group arguments and group theoretic considerations. As a concrete realization, we construct a bilayer Hubbard model with tunable onsite $SU(4)$ and $Sp(4)$ symmetries that exhibits a featureless Mott insulating phase at half filling. Its low energy physics is captured by a generalized ESD model, featuring an effective Hamiltonian that is purely kinetic within the constrained Hilbert space. Using density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations, we find a primary charge-$4e$ superconducting phase in the $SU(4)$ ESD model and a conventional primary charge-$2e$ phase in the $Sp(4)$ case. We further characterize the corresponding normal states and discuss the resulting finite temperature phase diagram. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_03925 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Primary charge-4e superconductivity from doping a featureless Mott insulator Gao, Zhi-Qiang Wang, Yan-Qi Zhang, Ya-Hui Yang, Hui Strongly Correlated Electrons Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Superconductivity Superconductivity is usually understood as a phase in which charge-$2e$ Cooper pairs are condensed. Charge-$4e$ superconductivity has largely been discussed as a vestigial order at finite temperature emerging from charge-$2e$ states. Primary charge-$4e$ superconducting phases at zero temperature remain scarce in both experiments and microscopic models. Here we argue that a doped featureless Mott insulator with $SU(4)$ symmetry provides a natural platform for primary charge-$4e$ superconductivity, based on perturbative renormalization group arguments and group theoretic considerations. As a concrete realization, we construct a bilayer Hubbard model with tunable onsite $SU(4)$ and $Sp(4)$ symmetries that exhibits a featureless Mott insulating phase at half filling. Its low energy physics is captured by a generalized ESD model, featuring an effective Hamiltonian that is purely kinetic within the constrained Hilbert space. Using density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) simulations, we find a primary charge-$4e$ superconducting phase in the $SU(4)$ ESD model and a conventional primary charge-$2e$ phase in the $Sp(4)$ case. We further characterize the corresponding normal states and discuss the resulting finite temperature phase diagram. |
| title | Primary charge-4e superconductivity from doping a featureless Mott insulator |
| topic | Strongly Correlated Electrons Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Superconductivity |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.03925 |