Discovery of crested quasi-periodic eruptions following the most luminous SRG/eROSITA tidal disruption event
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2026
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| author | Baldini, Pietro Rau, Arne Merloni, Andrea Trakhtenbrot, Benny Arcodia, Riccardo Giustini, Margherita Miniutti, Giovanni Brennan, Seán J. Freyberg, Michael Sánchez-Sáez, Paula Grotova, Iuliia Liu, Zhu Lian, Tianying Nandra, Kirpal |
| author_facet | Baldini, Pietro Rau, Arne Merloni, Andrea Trakhtenbrot, Benny Arcodia, Riccardo Giustini, Margherita Miniutti, Giovanni Brennan, Seán J. Freyberg, Michael Sánchez-Sáez, Paula Grotova, Iuliia Liu, Zhu Lian, Tianying Nandra, Kirpal |
| contents | We report the discovery of complex flaring activity from the galactic nucleus hosting the five-year-old tidal disruption event eRASSt J234402.9-352640 (J2344). With Einstein Probe and XMM-Newton observations, we detected highly structured soft X-ray variability. Through temporal decomposition of the XMM-Newton light curve and time-resolved spectral analysis, we identified broad, thermal flares recurring every $\sim$12 hours and lasting $\sim$2 hours, consistent with quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs). Remarkably, these QPEs are accompanied by an unprecedented crest of hotter, shorter flares, each lasting between 5 and 30 minutes. These flares are predominantly found in the rising phases of the QPEs, although they also appear throughout the quiescence. These findings establish J2344 as a new member of the QPE emitter population and uncover a previously unobserved phenomenology that challenges current models of QPEs. In this letter, we present the phenomenological properties of this unique source and discuss possible interpretations within the framework of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_03932 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Discovery of crested quasi-periodic eruptions following the most luminous SRG/eROSITA tidal disruption event Baldini, Pietro Rau, Arne Merloni, Andrea Trakhtenbrot, Benny Arcodia, Riccardo Giustini, Margherita Miniutti, Giovanni Brennan, Seán J. Freyberg, Michael Sánchez-Sáez, Paula Grotova, Iuliia Liu, Zhu Lian, Tianying Nandra, Kirpal High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies We report the discovery of complex flaring activity from the galactic nucleus hosting the five-year-old tidal disruption event eRASSt J234402.9-352640 (J2344). With Einstein Probe and XMM-Newton observations, we detected highly structured soft X-ray variability. Through temporal decomposition of the XMM-Newton light curve and time-resolved spectral analysis, we identified broad, thermal flares recurring every $\sim$12 hours and lasting $\sim$2 hours, consistent with quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs). Remarkably, these QPEs are accompanied by an unprecedented crest of hotter, shorter flares, each lasting between 5 and 30 minutes. These flares are predominantly found in the rising phases of the QPEs, although they also appear throughout the quiescence. These findings establish J2344 as a new member of the QPE emitter population and uncover a previously unobserved phenomenology that challenges current models of QPEs. In this letter, we present the phenomenological properties of this unique source and discuss possible interpretations within the framework of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals. |
| title | Discovery of crested quasi-periodic eruptions following the most luminous SRG/eROSITA tidal disruption event |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.03932 |