NeuroCanvas: VLLM-Powered Robust Seizure Detection by Reformulating Multichannel EEG as Image

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chen, Yan, Peng, Jie, Chowdhury, Moajjem Hossain, Chen, Tianlong, Liu, Yunmei
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908822244687872
author Chen, Yan
Peng, Jie
Chowdhury, Moajjem Hossain
Chen, Tianlong
Liu, Yunmei
author_facet Chen, Yan
Peng, Jie
Chowdhury, Moajjem Hossain
Chen, Tianlong
Liu, Yunmei
contents Accurate and timely seizure detection from Electroencephalography (EEG) is critical for clinical intervention, yet manual review of long-term recordings is labor-intensive. Recent efforts to encode EEG signals into large language models (LLMs) show promise in handling neural signals across diverse patients, but two significant challenges remain: (1) multi-channel heterogeneity, as seizure-relevant information varies substantially across EEG channels, and (2) computing inefficiency, as the EEG signals need to be encoded into a massive number of tokens for the prediction. To address these issues, we draw the EEG signal and propose the novel NeuroCanvas framework. Specifically, NeuroCanvas consists of two modules: (i) The Entropy-guided Channel Selector (ECS) selects the seizure-relevant channels input to LLM and (ii) the following Canvas of Neuron Signal (CNS) converts selected multi-channel heterogeneous EEG signals into structured visual representations. The ECS module alleviates the multi-channel heterogeneity issue, and the CNS uses compact visual tokens to represent the EEG signals that improve the computing efficiency. We evaluate NeuroCanvas across multiple seizure detection datasets, demonstrating a significant improvement of 20% in F1 score and reductions of 88% in inference latency. These results highlight NeuroCanvas as a scalable and effective solution for real-time and resource-efficient seizure detection in clinical practice.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_04769
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle NeuroCanvas: VLLM-Powered Robust Seizure Detection by Reformulating Multichannel EEG as Image
Chen, Yan
Peng, Jie
Chowdhury, Moajjem Hossain
Chen, Tianlong
Liu, Yunmei
Machine Learning
Accurate and timely seizure detection from Electroencephalography (EEG) is critical for clinical intervention, yet manual review of long-term recordings is labor-intensive. Recent efforts to encode EEG signals into large language models (LLMs) show promise in handling neural signals across diverse patients, but two significant challenges remain: (1) multi-channel heterogeneity, as seizure-relevant information varies substantially across EEG channels, and (2) computing inefficiency, as the EEG signals need to be encoded into a massive number of tokens for the prediction. To address these issues, we draw the EEG signal and propose the novel NeuroCanvas framework. Specifically, NeuroCanvas consists of two modules: (i) The Entropy-guided Channel Selector (ECS) selects the seizure-relevant channels input to LLM and (ii) the following Canvas of Neuron Signal (CNS) converts selected multi-channel heterogeneous EEG signals into structured visual representations. The ECS module alleviates the multi-channel heterogeneity issue, and the CNS uses compact visual tokens to represent the EEG signals that improve the computing efficiency. We evaluate NeuroCanvas across multiple seizure detection datasets, demonstrating a significant improvement of 20% in F1 score and reductions of 88% in inference latency. These results highlight NeuroCanvas as a scalable and effective solution for real-time and resource-efficient seizure detection in clinical practice.
title NeuroCanvas: VLLM-Powered Robust Seizure Detection by Reformulating Multichannel EEG as Image
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.04769