Thermal State Simulation with Pauli and Majorana Propagation
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866917248325648384 |
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| author | Rudolph, Manuel S. Angrisani, Armando Wright, Andrew Sanderski, Iwo Puig, Ricard Holmes, Zoë |
| author_facet | Rudolph, Manuel S. Angrisani, Armando Wright, Andrew Sanderski, Iwo Puig, Ricard Holmes, Zoë |
| contents | We introduce a propagation-based approach to thermal state simulation by adapting Pauli and Majorana propagation to imaginary-time evolution in the Schrödinger picture. Our key observation is that high-temperature states can be sparse in the Pauli or Majorana bases, approaching the identity at infinite temperature. By formulating imaginary-time evolution directly in these operator bases and evolving from the maximally mixed state, we access a continuum of temperatures where the state remains efficiently representable. We provide analytic guarantees for small-coefficient truncation and Pauli-weight (Majorana-length) truncation strategies by quantifying the error growth and the impact of backflow. Large-scale numerics on the 1D J1-J2 model (energies) and the triangular-lattice Hubbard model (static correlations) validate efficiency at high temperatures. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_04878 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Thermal State Simulation with Pauli and Majorana Propagation Rudolph, Manuel S. Angrisani, Armando Wright, Andrew Sanderski, Iwo Puig, Ricard Holmes, Zoë Quantum Physics We introduce a propagation-based approach to thermal state simulation by adapting Pauli and Majorana propagation to imaginary-time evolution in the Schrödinger picture. Our key observation is that high-temperature states can be sparse in the Pauli or Majorana bases, approaching the identity at infinite temperature. By formulating imaginary-time evolution directly in these operator bases and evolving from the maximally mixed state, we access a continuum of temperatures where the state remains efficiently representable. We provide analytic guarantees for small-coefficient truncation and Pauli-weight (Majorana-length) truncation strategies by quantifying the error growth and the impact of backflow. Large-scale numerics on the 1D J1-J2 model (energies) and the triangular-lattice Hubbard model (static correlations) validate efficiency at high temperatures. |
| title | Thermal State Simulation with Pauli and Majorana Propagation |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.04878 |