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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2026
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| Sujets: | |
| Accès en ligne: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.05118 |
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| _version_ | 1866912879166357504 |
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| author | Li, Chenghang Zhang, Haifeng Lai, Xiulan Lei, Jinzhi |
| author_facet | Li, Chenghang Zhang, Haifeng Lai, Xiulan Lei, Jinzhi |
| contents | The tumor-immune system plays a critical role in colorectal cancer progression. Recent preclinical and clinical studies showed that combination therapy with anti-PD-L1 and cancer vaccines improved treatment response. In this study, we developed a multiscale mathematical model of interactions among tumors, immune cells, and cytokines to investigate tumor evolutionary dynamics under different therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we established a computational framework based on approximate Bayesian computation to generate virtual tumor samples and capture inter-individual heterogeneity in treatment response. The results demonstrated that a multiple low-dose regimen significantly reduced advanced tumor burden compared to baseline treatment in anti-PD-L1 therapy. In contrast, the maximum dose therapy yielded superior tumor growth control in cancer vaccine therapy. Furthermore, cytotoxic T cells were identified as a consistent predictive biomarker both before and after treatment initiation. Notably, the cytotoxic T cells-to-regulatory T cells ratio specifically served as a robust pre-treatment predictive biomarker, offering potential clinical utility for patient stratification and therapy personalization. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_05118 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Combination therapy for colorectal cancer with anti-PD-L1 and cancer vaccine: A multiscale mathematical model of tumor-immune interactions Li, Chenghang Zhang, Haifeng Lai, Xiulan Lei, Jinzhi Populations and Evolution The tumor-immune system plays a critical role in colorectal cancer progression. Recent preclinical and clinical studies showed that combination therapy with anti-PD-L1 and cancer vaccines improved treatment response. In this study, we developed a multiscale mathematical model of interactions among tumors, immune cells, and cytokines to investigate tumor evolutionary dynamics under different therapeutic strategies. Additionally, we established a computational framework based on approximate Bayesian computation to generate virtual tumor samples and capture inter-individual heterogeneity in treatment response. The results demonstrated that a multiple low-dose regimen significantly reduced advanced tumor burden compared to baseline treatment in anti-PD-L1 therapy. In contrast, the maximum dose therapy yielded superior tumor growth control in cancer vaccine therapy. Furthermore, cytotoxic T cells were identified as a consistent predictive biomarker both before and after treatment initiation. Notably, the cytotoxic T cells-to-regulatory T cells ratio specifically served as a robust pre-treatment predictive biomarker, offering potential clinical utility for patient stratification and therapy personalization. |
| title | Combination therapy for colorectal cancer with anti-PD-L1 and cancer vaccine: A multiscale mathematical model of tumor-immune interactions |
| topic | Populations and Evolution |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.05118 |