Numerical Evaluation of Angle-Dependent IR-Transparent Radiative Cooling Performance for Asymmetric Periodic Structures
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866910012884910080 |
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| author | Gim, Junwoo Heo, Jun Chew, Weng Cho Na, Dong-Yeop |
| author_facet | Gim, Junwoo Heo, Jun Chew, Weng Cho Na, Dong-Yeop |
| contents | Infrared (IR)-transparent passive radiative cooling (PRC) enables non-contact thermal management by regulating radiative heat exchange without direct attachment to the cooling object. While asymmetric IR transmission at a specific incidence angle -- typically normal incidence -- is often emphasized, we show that such single-angle asymmetry is neither sufficient nor predictive of practical cooling performance. In this work, we demonstrate that effective non-contact PRC requires angularly distributed asymmetric IR transparency evaluated through hemispherical integration over emission directions, rather than asymmetry at a single incidence angle. To quantify this effect, an angle-resolved full-wave electromagnetic (EM) model with Bloch periodic boundary conditions and Floquet mode decomposition is employed to compute wavelength- and angle-dependent bidirectional reflection and transmission of periodic PRC structures. The resulting EM response is coupled to an energy-balance-based thermal model to predict the transient temperature evolution of the cooling object. By comparing models that account for the full angular distribution with normal-incidence-only approximations, we show that pronounced asymmetric transmission at normal incidence is generally not preserved at oblique angles. As a result, angular integration yields only marginal cooling or may even result in net heating, whereas normal-incidence-based models can substantially overestimate cooling performance. These results establish angularly distributed asymmetric transparency as a key EM design principle for IR-transparent PRC and wide-angle asymmetric metasurfaces. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_05613 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Numerical Evaluation of Angle-Dependent IR-Transparent Radiative Cooling Performance for Asymmetric Periodic Structures Gim, Junwoo Heo, Jun Chew, Weng Cho Na, Dong-Yeop Computational Physics Infrared (IR)-transparent passive radiative cooling (PRC) enables non-contact thermal management by regulating radiative heat exchange without direct attachment to the cooling object. While asymmetric IR transmission at a specific incidence angle -- typically normal incidence -- is often emphasized, we show that such single-angle asymmetry is neither sufficient nor predictive of practical cooling performance. In this work, we demonstrate that effective non-contact PRC requires angularly distributed asymmetric IR transparency evaluated through hemispherical integration over emission directions, rather than asymmetry at a single incidence angle. To quantify this effect, an angle-resolved full-wave electromagnetic (EM) model with Bloch periodic boundary conditions and Floquet mode decomposition is employed to compute wavelength- and angle-dependent bidirectional reflection and transmission of periodic PRC structures. The resulting EM response is coupled to an energy-balance-based thermal model to predict the transient temperature evolution of the cooling object. By comparing models that account for the full angular distribution with normal-incidence-only approximations, we show that pronounced asymmetric transmission at normal incidence is generally not preserved at oblique angles. As a result, angular integration yields only marginal cooling or may even result in net heating, whereas normal-incidence-based models can substantially overestimate cooling performance. These results establish angularly distributed asymmetric transparency as a key EM design principle for IR-transparent PRC and wide-angle asymmetric metasurfaces. |
| title | Numerical Evaluation of Angle-Dependent IR-Transparent Radiative Cooling Performance for Asymmetric Periodic Structures |
| topic | Computational Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.05613 |