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Main Authors: Gao, Zhiqi, Zhu, Guo, Luo, Huarui, Pan, Dongyijie Primo, Tang, Haoming, Zhang, Bingquan, Pei, Jiahuan, Li, Jie, Wang, Benyou
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.05856
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author Gao, Zhiqi
Zhu, Guo
Luo, Huarui
Pan, Dongyijie Primo
Tang, Haoming
Zhang, Bingquan
Pei, Jiahuan
Li, Jie
Wang, Benyou
author_facet Gao, Zhiqi
Zhu, Guo
Luo, Huarui
Pan, Dongyijie Primo
Tang, Haoming
Zhang, Bingquan
Pei, Jiahuan
Li, Jie
Wang, Benyou
contents Standardized patients (SPs) play a central role in clinical communication training but are costly, difficult to scale, and inconsistent. Large language model (LLM) based AI standardized patients (AI-SPs) promise flexible, on-demand practice, yet learners often report that they talk like a patient but feel different. We interviewed 12 clinical-year medical students and conducted three co-design workshops to examine how learners experience constraints of SP encounters and what they expect from AI-SPs. We identified six learner-centered needs, translated them into AI-SP design requirements, and synthesized a conceptual workflow. Our findings position AI-SPs as tools for deliberate practice and show that instructional usability, rather than conversational realism alone, drives learner trust, engagement, and educational value.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_05856
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle "It Talks Like a Patient, But Feels Different": Co-Designing AI Standardized Patients with Medical Learners
Gao, Zhiqi
Zhu, Guo
Luo, Huarui
Pan, Dongyijie Primo
Tang, Haoming
Zhang, Bingquan
Pei, Jiahuan
Li, Jie
Wang, Benyou
Human-Computer Interaction
Standardized patients (SPs) play a central role in clinical communication training but are costly, difficult to scale, and inconsistent. Large language model (LLM) based AI standardized patients (AI-SPs) promise flexible, on-demand practice, yet learners often report that they talk like a patient but feel different. We interviewed 12 clinical-year medical students and conducted three co-design workshops to examine how learners experience constraints of SP encounters and what they expect from AI-SPs. We identified six learner-centered needs, translated them into AI-SP design requirements, and synthesized a conceptual workflow. Our findings position AI-SPs as tools for deliberate practice and show that instructional usability, rather than conversational realism alone, drives learner trust, engagement, and educational value.
title "It Talks Like a Patient, But Feels Different": Co-Designing AI Standardized Patients with Medical Learners
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.05856