Relativity of Observation: Operational Intensive Variables in Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866917254347620352 |
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| author | Ichiki, Akihisa |
| author_facet | Ichiki, Akihisa |
| contents | We formulate nonequilibrium thermodynamics in which intensive variables acquire operational meaning through measurement protocols consistent with local reciprocity. Using physical equilibrium as a reference, conjugate observables are constructed by continuously adjusting devices along the local tangent space of the statistical manifold. In this relativity of observation, Onsager reciprocity holds locally, allowing inference-based Lagrange multipliers to be directly measured. This provides a systematic method to extend operational definitions of intensive variables to nonequilibrium states, highlighting their context-dependent nature and offering a concrete experimental strategy. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_06455 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Relativity of Observation: Operational Intensive Variables in Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics Ichiki, Akihisa Statistical Mechanics Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability We formulate nonequilibrium thermodynamics in which intensive variables acquire operational meaning through measurement protocols consistent with local reciprocity. Using physical equilibrium as a reference, conjugate observables are constructed by continuously adjusting devices along the local tangent space of the statistical manifold. In this relativity of observation, Onsager reciprocity holds locally, allowing inference-based Lagrange multipliers to be directly measured. This provides a systematic method to extend operational definitions of intensive variables to nonequilibrium states, highlighting their context-dependent nature and offering a concrete experimental strategy. |
| title | Relativity of Observation: Operational Intensive Variables in Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics |
| topic | Statistical Mechanics Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.06455 |