Orchestrating Attention: Bringing Harmony to the 'Chaos' of Neurodivergent Learning States
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914314353377280 |
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| author | Navneet, Satyam Kumar Chandra, Joydeep Zhang, Yong |
| author_facet | Navneet, Satyam Kumar Chandra, Joydeep Zhang, Yong |
| contents | Adaptive learning systems optimize content delivery based on performance metrics but ignore the dynamic attention fluctuations that characterize neurodivergent learners. We present AttentionGuard, a framework that detects engagement-attention states from privacy-preserving behavioral signals and adapts interface elements accordingly. Our approach models four attention states derived from ADHD phenomenology and implements five novel UI adaptation patterns including bi-directional scaffolding that responds to both understimulation and overstimulation. We validate our detection model on the OULAD dataset, achieving 87.3% classification accuracy, and demonstrate correlation with clinical ADHD profiles through cross-validation on the HYPERAKTIV dataset. A Wizard-of-Oz study with 11 adults showing ADHD characteristics found significantly reduced cognitive load in the adaptive condition (NASA-TLX: 47.2 vs 62.8, Cohen's d=1.21, p=0.008) and improved comprehension (78.4% vs 61.2%, p=0.009). Concordance analysis showed 84% agreement between wizard decisions and automated classifier predictions, supporting deployment feasibility. The system is presented as an interactive demo where observers can inspect detected attention states, observe real-time UI adaptations, and compare automated decisions with human-in-the-loop overrides. We contribute empirically validated UI patterns for attention-adaptive interfaces and evidence that behavioral attention detection can meaningfully support neurodivergent learning experiences. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_07865 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Orchestrating Attention: Bringing Harmony to the 'Chaos' of Neurodivergent Learning States Navneet, Satyam Kumar Chandra, Joydeep Zhang, Yong Human-Computer Interaction Artificial Intelligence Adaptive learning systems optimize content delivery based on performance metrics but ignore the dynamic attention fluctuations that characterize neurodivergent learners. We present AttentionGuard, a framework that detects engagement-attention states from privacy-preserving behavioral signals and adapts interface elements accordingly. Our approach models four attention states derived from ADHD phenomenology and implements five novel UI adaptation patterns including bi-directional scaffolding that responds to both understimulation and overstimulation. We validate our detection model on the OULAD dataset, achieving 87.3% classification accuracy, and demonstrate correlation with clinical ADHD profiles through cross-validation on the HYPERAKTIV dataset. A Wizard-of-Oz study with 11 adults showing ADHD characteristics found significantly reduced cognitive load in the adaptive condition (NASA-TLX: 47.2 vs 62.8, Cohen's d=1.21, p=0.008) and improved comprehension (78.4% vs 61.2%, p=0.009). Concordance analysis showed 84% agreement between wizard decisions and automated classifier predictions, supporting deployment feasibility. The system is presented as an interactive demo where observers can inspect detected attention states, observe real-time UI adaptations, and compare automated decisions with human-in-the-loop overrides. We contribute empirically validated UI patterns for attention-adaptive interfaces and evidence that behavioral attention detection can meaningfully support neurodivergent learning experiences. |
| title | Orchestrating Attention: Bringing Harmony to the 'Chaos' of Neurodivergent Learning States |
| topic | Human-Computer Interaction Artificial Intelligence |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.07865 |