Gender and Race Bias in Consumer Product Recommendations by Large Language Models
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arXiv
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914314756030464 |
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| author | Xu, Ke Potka, Shera Thomo, Alex |
| author_facet | Xu, Ke Potka, Shera Thomo, Alex |
| contents | Large Language Models are increasingly employed in generating consumer product recommendations, yet their potential for embedding and amplifying gender and race biases remains underexplored. This paper serves as one of the first attempts to examine these biases within LLM-generated recommendations. We leverage prompt engineering to elicit product suggestions from LLMs for various race and gender groups and employ three analytical methods-Marked Words, Support Vector Machines, and Jensen-Shannon Divergence-to identify and quantify biases. Our findings reveal significant disparities in the recommendations for demographic groups, underscoring the need for more equitable LLM recommendation systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_08124 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gender and Race Bias in Consumer Product Recommendations by Large Language Models Xu, Ke Potka, Shera Thomo, Alex Computation and Language Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning I.2.7; H.3.3; K.4.1 Large Language Models are increasingly employed in generating consumer product recommendations, yet their potential for embedding and amplifying gender and race biases remains underexplored. This paper serves as one of the first attempts to examine these biases within LLM-generated recommendations. We leverage prompt engineering to elicit product suggestions from LLMs for various race and gender groups and employ three analytical methods-Marked Words, Support Vector Machines, and Jensen-Shannon Divergence-to identify and quantify biases. Our findings reveal significant disparities in the recommendations for demographic groups, underscoring the need for more equitable LLM recommendation systems. |
| title | Gender and Race Bias in Consumer Product Recommendations by Large Language Models |
| topic | Computation and Language Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning I.2.7; H.3.3; K.4.1 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.08124 |