"Create an environment that protects women, rather than selling anxiety!": Participatory Threat Modeling with Chinese Young Women Living Alone

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: He, Shijing, Ma, Chenkai, Zhang, Chi, Jenkins, Adam, Abu-Salma, Ruba, Such, Jose
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author He, Shijing
Ma, Chenkai
Zhang, Chi
Jenkins, Adam
Abu-Salma, Ruba
Such, Jose
author_facet He, Shijing
Ma, Chenkai
Zhang, Chi
Jenkins, Adam
Abu-Salma, Ruba
Such, Jose
contents As more young women in China live alone, they navigate entangled privacy, security, and safety (PSS) risks across smart homes, online platforms, and public infrastructures. Drawing on six participatory threat modeling (PTM) workshops (n = 33), we present a human-centered threat model that illustrates how digitally facilitated physical violence, digital harassment and scams, and pervasive surveillance by individuals, companies, and the state are interconnected and mutually reinforcing. We also document four mitigation strategies employed by participants: smart home device configurations, boundary management, sociocultural practices, and social media tactics--each of which can introduce new vulnerabilities and emotional burdens. Based on these insights, we developed a digital PSS guidebook for young women living alone (YWLA) in China. We further propose actionable design implications for smart home devices and social media platforms, along with policy and legal recommendations and directions for educational interventions.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_09256
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle "Create an environment that protects women, rather than selling anxiety!": Participatory Threat Modeling with Chinese Young Women Living Alone
He, Shijing
Ma, Chenkai
Zhang, Chi
Jenkins, Adam
Abu-Salma, Ruba
Such, Jose
Human-Computer Interaction
Computers and Society
As more young women in China live alone, they navigate entangled privacy, security, and safety (PSS) risks across smart homes, online platforms, and public infrastructures. Drawing on six participatory threat modeling (PTM) workshops (n = 33), we present a human-centered threat model that illustrates how digitally facilitated physical violence, digital harassment and scams, and pervasive surveillance by individuals, companies, and the state are interconnected and mutually reinforcing. We also document four mitigation strategies employed by participants: smart home device configurations, boundary management, sociocultural practices, and social media tactics--each of which can introduce new vulnerabilities and emotional burdens. Based on these insights, we developed a digital PSS guidebook for young women living alone (YWLA) in China. We further propose actionable design implications for smart home devices and social media platforms, along with policy and legal recommendations and directions for educational interventions.
title "Create an environment that protects women, rather than selling anxiety!": Participatory Threat Modeling with Chinese Young Women Living Alone
topic Human-Computer Interaction
Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.09256