Revisiting critical orbits of test particles traveling in a black hole background

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Li, Ping, Cheng, Jun, Yang, Jiang-he
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Li, Ping
Cheng, Jun
Yang, Jiang-he
author_facet Li, Ping
Cheng, Jun
Yang, Jiang-he
contents This paper systematically revisits the critical orbits of test particles moving in various black hole backgrounds, including the Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström, Kerr, and Kerr-Newman spacetimes. We identify the critical orbit cases directly from the root structure of the radial equation, and provide explicit expressions relating the relevant parameters -- energy, angular momentum, and charge-to-mass ratio -- to the critical radius, as well as explicit expressions for the critical orbits in each scenario. Special attention is given to the relationship between the photon spheres, black hole shadows and the critical null geodesics. Extensive numerical results are also provided.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_09568
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Revisiting critical orbits of test particles traveling in a black hole background
Li, Ping
Cheng, Jun
Yang, Jiang-he
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
This paper systematically revisits the critical orbits of test particles moving in various black hole backgrounds, including the Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström, Kerr, and Kerr-Newman spacetimes. We identify the critical orbit cases directly from the root structure of the radial equation, and provide explicit expressions relating the relevant parameters -- energy, angular momentum, and charge-to-mass ratio -- to the critical radius, as well as explicit expressions for the critical orbits in each scenario. Special attention is given to the relationship between the photon spheres, black hole shadows and the critical null geodesics. Extensive numerical results are also provided.
title Revisiting critical orbits of test particles traveling in a black hole background
topic General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.09568