Designing a Token Economy: Incentives, Governance, and Tokenomics

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Kivilo, Samela, Norta, Alex, Hattingh, Marie, Avanzo, Sowelu, Pennella, Luca
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Kivilo, Samela
Norta, Alex
Hattingh, Marie
Avanzo, Sowelu
Pennella, Luca
author_facet Kivilo, Samela
Norta, Alex
Hattingh, Marie
Avanzo, Sowelu
Pennella, Luca
contents In recent years, tokenomic systems, decentralized systems that use cryptographic tokens to represent value and rights, have evolved considerably. Growing complexity in incentive structures has expanded the applicability of blockchain beyond purely transactional use. Existing research predominantly examines token economies within specific use cases, proposes conceptual frameworks, or studies isolated aspects such as governance, incentive design, and tokenomics. However, the literature offers limited empirically grounded, end-to-end guidance that integrates these dimensions into a coherent, step-by-step design approach informed by concrete token-economy development efforts. To address this gap, this paper presents the Token Economy Design Method (TEDM), a design-science artifact that synthesizes stepwise design propositions for token-economy design across incentives, governance, and tokenomics. TEDM is derived through an iterative qualitative synthesis of prior contributions and refined through a co-designed case. The artifact is formatively evaluated via the Currynomics case study and additional expert interviews. Currynomics is an ecosystem that maintains the Redcurry stablecoin, using real estate as the underlying asset. TEDM is positioned as reusable design guidance that facilitates the analysis of foundational requirements of tokenized ecosystems. The specificity of the proposed approach lies in the focus on the socio-technical context of the system and early stages of its design.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_09608
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Designing a Token Economy: Incentives, Governance, and Tokenomics
Kivilo, Samela
Norta, Alex
Hattingh, Marie
Avanzo, Sowelu
Pennella, Luca
Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
General Economics
Economics
In recent years, tokenomic systems, decentralized systems that use cryptographic tokens to represent value and rights, have evolved considerably. Growing complexity in incentive structures has expanded the applicability of blockchain beyond purely transactional use. Existing research predominantly examines token economies within specific use cases, proposes conceptual frameworks, or studies isolated aspects such as governance, incentive design, and tokenomics. However, the literature offers limited empirically grounded, end-to-end guidance that integrates these dimensions into a coherent, step-by-step design approach informed by concrete token-economy development efforts. To address this gap, this paper presents the Token Economy Design Method (TEDM), a design-science artifact that synthesizes stepwise design propositions for token-economy design across incentives, governance, and tokenomics. TEDM is derived through an iterative qualitative synthesis of prior contributions and refined through a co-designed case. The artifact is formatively evaluated via the Currynomics case study and additional expert interviews. Currynomics is an ecosystem that maintains the Redcurry stablecoin, using real estate as the underlying asset. TEDM is positioned as reusable design guidance that facilitates the analysis of foundational requirements of tokenized ecosystems. The specificity of the proposed approach lies in the focus on the socio-technical context of the system and early stages of its design.
title Designing a Token Economy: Incentives, Governance, and Tokenomics
topic Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
General Economics
Economics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.09608