Simple LLM Baselines are Competitive for Model Diffing

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Kempf, Elias, Schrodi, Simon, Cywiński, Bartosz, Brox, Thomas, Nanda, Neel, Conmy, Arthur
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Kempf, Elias
Schrodi, Simon
Cywiński, Bartosz
Brox, Thomas
Nanda, Neel
Conmy, Arthur
author_facet Kempf, Elias
Schrodi, Simon
Cywiński, Bartosz
Brox, Thomas
Nanda, Neel
Conmy, Arthur
contents Standard LLM evaluations only test capabilities or dispositions that evaluators designed them for, missing unexpected differences such as behavioral shifts between model revisions or emergent misaligned tendencies. Model diffing addresses this limitation by automatically surfacing systematic behavioral differences. Recent approaches include LLM-based methods that generate natural language descriptions and sparse autoencoder (SAE)-based methods that identify interpretable features. However, no systematic comparison of these approaches exists nor are there established evaluation criteria. We address this gap by proposing evaluation metrics for key desiderata (generalization, interestingness, and abstraction level) and use these to compare existing methods. Our results show that an improved LLM-based baseline performs comparably to the SAE-based method while typically surfacing more abstract behavioral differences.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_10371
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Simple LLM Baselines are Competitive for Model Diffing
Kempf, Elias
Schrodi, Simon
Cywiński, Bartosz
Brox, Thomas
Nanda, Neel
Conmy, Arthur
Machine Learning
Standard LLM evaluations only test capabilities or dispositions that evaluators designed them for, missing unexpected differences such as behavioral shifts between model revisions or emergent misaligned tendencies. Model diffing addresses this limitation by automatically surfacing systematic behavioral differences. Recent approaches include LLM-based methods that generate natural language descriptions and sparse autoencoder (SAE)-based methods that identify interpretable features. However, no systematic comparison of these approaches exists nor are there established evaluation criteria. We address this gap by proposing evaluation metrics for key desiderata (generalization, interestingness, and abstraction level) and use these to compare existing methods. Our results show that an improved LLM-based baseline performs comparably to the SAE-based method while typically surfacing more abstract behavioral differences.
title Simple LLM Baselines are Competitive for Model Diffing
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.10371