Learning functional components of PDEs from data using neural networks
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866908833809432576 |
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| author | Loman, Torkel E. Salmaniw, Yurij Villares, Antonio Leon Carrillo, Jose A. Baker, Ruth E. |
| author_facet | Loman, Torkel E. Salmaniw, Yurij Villares, Antonio Leon Carrillo, Jose A. Baker, Ruth E. |
| contents | Partial differential equations often contain unknown functions that are difficult or impossible to measure directly, hampering our ability to derive predictions from the model. Workflows for recovering scalar PDE parameters from data are well studied: here we show how similar workflows can be used to recover functions from data. Specifically, we embed neural networks into the PDE and show how, as they are trained on data, they can approximate unknown functions with arbitrary accuracy. Using nonlocal aggregation-diffusion equations as a case study, we recover interaction kernels and external potentials from steady state data. Specifically, we investigate how a wide range of factors, such as the number of available solutions, their properties, sampling density, and measurement noise, affect our ability to successfully recover functions. Our approach is advantageous because it can utilise standard parameter-fitting workflows, and in that the trained PDE can be treated as a normal PDE for purposes such as generating system predictions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_13174 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Learning functional components of PDEs from data using neural networks Loman, Torkel E. Salmaniw, Yurij Villares, Antonio Leon Carrillo, Jose A. Baker, Ruth E. Machine Learning Analysis of PDEs Partial differential equations often contain unknown functions that are difficult or impossible to measure directly, hampering our ability to derive predictions from the model. Workflows for recovering scalar PDE parameters from data are well studied: here we show how similar workflows can be used to recover functions from data. Specifically, we embed neural networks into the PDE and show how, as they are trained on data, they can approximate unknown functions with arbitrary accuracy. Using nonlocal aggregation-diffusion equations as a case study, we recover interaction kernels and external potentials from steady state data. Specifically, we investigate how a wide range of factors, such as the number of available solutions, their properties, sampling density, and measurement noise, affect our ability to successfully recover functions. Our approach is advantageous because it can utilise standard parameter-fitting workflows, and in that the trained PDE can be treated as a normal PDE for purposes such as generating system predictions. |
| title | Learning functional components of PDEs from data using neural networks |
| topic | Machine Learning Analysis of PDEs |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.13174 |