Bounding Probabilities of Causation with Partial Causal Diagrams

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Xie, Yuxuan, Li, Ang
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2026
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author Xie, Yuxuan
Li, Ang
author_facet Xie, Yuxuan
Li, Ang
contents Probabilities of causation are fundamental to individual-level explanation and decision making, yet they are inherently counterfactual and not point-identifiable from data in general. Existing bounds either disregard available covariates, require complete causal graphs, or rely on restrictive binary settings, limiting their practical use. In real-world applications, causal information is often partial but nontrivial. This paper proposes a general framework for bounding probabilities of causation using partial causal information. We show how the available structural or statistical information can be systematically incorporated as constraints in a optimization programming formulation, yielding tighter and formally valid bounds without full identifiability. This approach extends the applicability of probabilities of causation to realistic settings where causal knowledge is incomplete but informative.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_14503
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Bounding Probabilities of Causation with Partial Causal Diagrams
Xie, Yuxuan
Li, Ang
Artificial Intelligence
Probabilities of causation are fundamental to individual-level explanation and decision making, yet they are inherently counterfactual and not point-identifiable from data in general. Existing bounds either disregard available covariates, require complete causal graphs, or rely on restrictive binary settings, limiting their practical use. In real-world applications, causal information is often partial but nontrivial. This paper proposes a general framework for bounding probabilities of causation using partial causal information. We show how the available structural or statistical information can be systematically incorporated as constraints in a optimization programming formulation, yielding tighter and formally valid bounds without full identifiability. This approach extends the applicability of probabilities of causation to realistic settings where causal knowledge is incomplete but informative.
title Bounding Probabilities of Causation with Partial Causal Diagrams
topic Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.14503