Near-infrared lensless holographic microscopy on a visible sensor enables label-free high-throughput imaging in strong scattering
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866912907572281344 |
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| author | Wdowiak, Emilia Arcab, Piotr Rogalski, Mikolaj Chwastowicz, Anna Matryba, Pawel Lenarcik, Malgorzata Winnik, Julianna Zdankowski, Piotr Trusiak, Maciej |
| author_facet | Wdowiak, Emilia Arcab, Piotr Rogalski, Mikolaj Chwastowicz, Anna Matryba, Pawel Lenarcik, Malgorzata Winnik, Julianna Zdankowski, Piotr Trusiak, Maciej |
| contents | Lensless digital holographic microscopy (LDHM) relies on interference between an unscattered reference wave and a weakly scattered object wave - an assumption that rapidly fails in turbid samples under multiple scattering. To overcome this limitation, we present near-infrared LDHM (NIR-LDHM), a in-line holographic platform that operates up to the silicon cutoff (~1100 nm) using a conventional board-level CMOS sensor designed for visible (VIS) imaging. Using tissue-mimicking milk scattering layers and calibrated resolution targets, we quantify reconstruction performance versus wavelength, scattering strength, and sample-sensor distance. NIR-LDHM maintains resolvable features through scattering layers up to ~1.4 mm, whereas visible regime fails to resolve features below ~350 um. Importantly, despite a detector quantum efficiency of only 0.19% at 1100 nm, robust reconstructions are obtained under low-photon-budget conditions. We further identify advantageous mechanism by which increasing the sample-sensor distance from ~3 to 12 mm improves lateral resolution by twofold under strong scattering. Finally, we demonstrate wide-field, label-free amplitude-phase imaging of uncleared mouse tissues, resolving internal structure in brain and liver slices up to ~250 um and ~60 um, respectively. By extending lensless complex-field microscopy into strongly scattering regimes with minimal hardware changes, this work has relevance to computational imaging through complex media and biophotonics. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_14762 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Near-infrared lensless holographic microscopy on a visible sensor enables label-free high-throughput imaging in strong scattering Wdowiak, Emilia Arcab, Piotr Rogalski, Mikolaj Chwastowicz, Anna Matryba, Pawel Lenarcik, Malgorzata Winnik, Julianna Zdankowski, Piotr Trusiak, Maciej Optics Lensless digital holographic microscopy (LDHM) relies on interference between an unscattered reference wave and a weakly scattered object wave - an assumption that rapidly fails in turbid samples under multiple scattering. To overcome this limitation, we present near-infrared LDHM (NIR-LDHM), a in-line holographic platform that operates up to the silicon cutoff (~1100 nm) using a conventional board-level CMOS sensor designed for visible (VIS) imaging. Using tissue-mimicking milk scattering layers and calibrated resolution targets, we quantify reconstruction performance versus wavelength, scattering strength, and sample-sensor distance. NIR-LDHM maintains resolvable features through scattering layers up to ~1.4 mm, whereas visible regime fails to resolve features below ~350 um. Importantly, despite a detector quantum efficiency of only 0.19% at 1100 nm, robust reconstructions are obtained under low-photon-budget conditions. We further identify advantageous mechanism by which increasing the sample-sensor distance from ~3 to 12 mm improves lateral resolution by twofold under strong scattering. Finally, we demonstrate wide-field, label-free amplitude-phase imaging of uncleared mouse tissues, resolving internal structure in brain and liver slices up to ~250 um and ~60 um, respectively. By extending lensless complex-field microscopy into strongly scattering regimes with minimal hardware changes, this work has relevance to computational imaging through complex media and biophotonics. |
| title | Near-infrared lensless holographic microscopy on a visible sensor enables label-free high-throughput imaging in strong scattering |
| topic | Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.14762 |