Enhanced Cosmic-Ray Antinuclei Fluxes with Dark Matter Annihilation into SUEPs
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| Formato: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866915801180667904 |
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| author | Di Mauro, Mattia Gemmell, Caleb Batz, Austin Curtin, David Donato, Fiorenza Fornengo, Nicolao Kribs, Graham D. |
| author_facet | Di Mauro, Mattia Gemmell, Caleb Batz, Austin Curtin, David Donato, Fiorenza Fornengo, Nicolao Kribs, Graham D. |
| contents | Standard-Model (SM) hadronic parton showers initiated by secondary cosmic-ray production or dark matter (DM) annihilations robustly predict very low antinuclei yields and a strong additional suppression for heavier antinuclei. We show that an important exception can arise if DM annihilates into a confining dark sector that produces Soft Unclustered Energy Patterns (SUEPs). The hallmark of SUEPs is the emission of very large multiplicities of soft dark mesons ($π_D$), which can overcome the usual phase-space suppression of antinuclei formation in parton showers, provided that the dark mesons decay promptly into SM quarks, i.e. within a SM hadronization length. We study several benchmark realizations and find that for DM masses $m_{\rm DM}\sim\mathcal{O}(10~\mathrm{TeV})$, dark meson masses $m_{π_D} \sim 400~\mathrm{GeV}$, $π_D$ dominantly decaying to $t\bar t$, and a SUEP temperature $T_{\rm SUEP}\simeq 0.1\,m_{πD}$, DM annihilation into SUEPs can yield tens of antideuterons and a few antihelium--3 events at AMS-02 at kinetic energies of $\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{GeV}$/n) and a few antideuterons and antihelium-3 events in GAPS at energies below 0.5 GeV/n. A future confirmation of an antinuclei signal by the AMS-02 or GAPS experiments could provide hints for hidden confining dynamics and would significantly constrain the relevant SUEP parameters. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_15132 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Enhanced Cosmic-Ray Antinuclei Fluxes with Dark Matter Annihilation into SUEPs Di Mauro, Mattia Gemmell, Caleb Batz, Austin Curtin, David Donato, Fiorenza Fornengo, Nicolao Kribs, Graham D. High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Standard-Model (SM) hadronic parton showers initiated by secondary cosmic-ray production or dark matter (DM) annihilations robustly predict very low antinuclei yields and a strong additional suppression for heavier antinuclei. We show that an important exception can arise if DM annihilates into a confining dark sector that produces Soft Unclustered Energy Patterns (SUEPs). The hallmark of SUEPs is the emission of very large multiplicities of soft dark mesons ($π_D$), which can overcome the usual phase-space suppression of antinuclei formation in parton showers, provided that the dark mesons decay promptly into SM quarks, i.e. within a SM hadronization length. We study several benchmark realizations and find that for DM masses $m_{\rm DM}\sim\mathcal{O}(10~\mathrm{TeV})$, dark meson masses $m_{π_D} \sim 400~\mathrm{GeV}$, $π_D$ dominantly decaying to $t\bar t$, and a SUEP temperature $T_{\rm SUEP}\simeq 0.1\,m_{πD}$, DM annihilation into SUEPs can yield tens of antideuterons and a few antihelium--3 events at AMS-02 at kinetic energies of $\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{GeV}$/n) and a few antideuterons and antihelium-3 events in GAPS at energies below 0.5 GeV/n. A future confirmation of an antinuclei signal by the AMS-02 or GAPS experiments could provide hints for hidden confining dynamics and would significantly constrain the relevant SUEP parameters. |
| title | Enhanced Cosmic-Ray Antinuclei Fluxes with Dark Matter Annihilation into SUEPs |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.15132 |