Supporting Multimodal Data Interaction on Refreshable Tactile Displays: An Architecture to Combine Touch and Conversational AI

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Reinders, Samuel, Zaib, Munazza, Butler, Matthew, Lee, Bongshin, Zukerman, Ingrid, Qu, Lizhen, Marriott, Kim
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2026
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author Reinders, Samuel
Zaib, Munazza
Butler, Matthew
Lee, Bongshin
Zukerman, Ingrid
Qu, Lizhen
Marriott, Kim
author_facet Reinders, Samuel
Zaib, Munazza
Butler, Matthew
Lee, Bongshin
Zukerman, Ingrid
Qu, Lizhen
Marriott, Kim
contents Combining conversational AI with refreshable tactile displays (RTDs) offers significant potential for creating accessible data visualization for people who are blind or have low vision (BLV). To support researchers and developers building accessible data visualizations with RTDs, we present a multimodal data interaction architecture along with an open-source reference implementation. Our system is the first to combine touch input with a conversational agent on an RTD, enabling deictic queries that fuse touch context with spoken language, such as "what is the trend between these points?" The architecture addresses key technical challenges, including touch sensing on RTDs, visual-to-tactile encoding, integrating touch context with conversational AI, and synchronizing multimodal output. Our contributions are twofold: (1) a technical architecture integrating RTD hardware, external touch sensing, and conversational AI to enable multimodal data interaction; and (2) an open-source reference implementation demonstrating its feasibility. This work provides a technical foundation to support future research in multimodal accessible data visualization.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_15280
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Supporting Multimodal Data Interaction on Refreshable Tactile Displays: An Architecture to Combine Touch and Conversational AI
Reinders, Samuel
Zaib, Munazza
Butler, Matthew
Lee, Bongshin
Zukerman, Ingrid
Qu, Lizhen
Marriott, Kim
Human-Computer Interaction
Combining conversational AI with refreshable tactile displays (RTDs) offers significant potential for creating accessible data visualization for people who are blind or have low vision (BLV). To support researchers and developers building accessible data visualizations with RTDs, we present a multimodal data interaction architecture along with an open-source reference implementation. Our system is the first to combine touch input with a conversational agent on an RTD, enabling deictic queries that fuse touch context with spoken language, such as "what is the trend between these points?" The architecture addresses key technical challenges, including touch sensing on RTDs, visual-to-tactile encoding, integrating touch context with conversational AI, and synchronizing multimodal output. Our contributions are twofold: (1) a technical architecture integrating RTD hardware, external touch sensing, and conversational AI to enable multimodal data interaction; and (2) an open-source reference implementation demonstrating its feasibility. This work provides a technical foundation to support future research in multimodal accessible data visualization.
title Supporting Multimodal Data Interaction on Refreshable Tactile Displays: An Architecture to Combine Touch and Conversational AI
topic Human-Computer Interaction
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.15280