Exploring VASS Parameterised by Geometric Dimension

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Czerwiński, Wojciech, Guttenberg, Roland, Orlikowski, Łukasz, Sinclair-Banks, Henry, Zheng, Yangluo
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Czerwiński, Wojciech
Guttenberg, Roland
Orlikowski, Łukasz
Sinclair-Banks, Henry
Zheng, Yangluo
author_facet Czerwiński, Wojciech
Guttenberg, Roland
Orlikowski, Łukasz
Sinclair-Banks, Henry
Zheng, Yangluo
contents The geometric dimension $g$ of a Vector Addition System with States (VASS) is the dimension of the vector space generated by cycles in the VASS; this parameter refines the standard dimension $d$, the number of counters. Recently, it was discovered that the fastest-known algorithm for solving the reachability problem for VASS has the same complexity in terms of $g$ as in terms of $d$. This suggests that the geometric dimension may in fact be a more adequate parameter for measuring the complexity of VASS reachability problems. We initiate a more systematic study of the geometric dimension. We discuss differences between two parameters: the geometric dimension and the SCC dimension. Our main technical result states that classical results about the coverability and boundedness problems can be improved from dimension $d$ to geometric dimension $g$. Namely, coverability is witnessed by runs of length $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(g)}}$ instead of $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(d)}}$, and unboundedness can be witnessed by runs of length $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(g\log g)}}$ instead of $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(d\log d )}}$, where $n$ is the size of the instance. We also study integer reachability and simultaneous unboundedness in VASS parameterised by the geometric dimension.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_15483
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Exploring VASS Parameterised by Geometric Dimension
Czerwiński, Wojciech
Guttenberg, Roland
Orlikowski, Łukasz
Sinclair-Banks, Henry
Zheng, Yangluo
Formal Languages and Automata Theory
F.1.1
The geometric dimension $g$ of a Vector Addition System with States (VASS) is the dimension of the vector space generated by cycles in the VASS; this parameter refines the standard dimension $d$, the number of counters. Recently, it was discovered that the fastest-known algorithm for solving the reachability problem for VASS has the same complexity in terms of $g$ as in terms of $d$. This suggests that the geometric dimension may in fact be a more adequate parameter for measuring the complexity of VASS reachability problems. We initiate a more systematic study of the geometric dimension. We discuss differences between two parameters: the geometric dimension and the SCC dimension. Our main technical result states that classical results about the coverability and boundedness problems can be improved from dimension $d$ to geometric dimension $g$. Namely, coverability is witnessed by runs of length $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(g)}}$ instead of $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(d)}}$, and unboundedness can be witnessed by runs of length $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(g\log g)}}$ instead of $n^{2^{\mathcal{O}(d\log d )}}$, where $n$ is the size of the instance. We also study integer reachability and simultaneous unboundedness in VASS parameterised by the geometric dimension.
title Exploring VASS Parameterised by Geometric Dimension
topic Formal Languages and Automata Theory
F.1.1
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.15483