Self-referenced, drift-tolerant dipole-resolved population inversion using degeneracy-lifted dual quasinormal modes
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866910067205341184 |
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| author | Yu, Jiaxin Zhang, Xinyu Dai, Guangyu Xing, Shuai Yang, Minghui Gu, Fuxing |
| author_facet | Yu, Jiaxin Zhang, Xinyu Dai, Guangyu Xing, Shuai Yang, Minghui Gu, Fuxing |
| contents | Photoluminescence intensity is widely used to infer exciton populations, yet the detected signal inherently convolves occupancy with radiative-rate modification and collection efficiency, making quantitative inversion vulnerable to pump and system drifts. Here we realize a dual-channel self-referenced scheme enabled by two nearly degenerate quasinormal modes in a hybrid microcavity. Their shared optical path provides common-mode observables (i.e., overall spectral and intensity drift) that track global thermo-optic and pump fluctuations, while their differential-mode observables (i.e., spectral splitting and mode-contrasted emission) remain highly sensitive to local gap dielectric perturbations and dipole-dependent radiative weights. Using temperature as a control parameter in monolayer WSe$ _2 $, we exploit this common/differential-mode framework to robustly invert the relative populations of excitons with out-of-plane ($ \perp $) and in-plane ($ \parallel $) dipole transitions without external absolute calibration. At the temperature of $\sim$50 K, we obtain $ N_\perp/N_\parallel \approx 200 $, coincident with the expected accumulation in the out-of-plane-emitting dark manifold. This internally referenced approach provides a practical route to drift-tolerant, dipole-resolved population metrology in nanogap photonic systems. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_17021 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Self-referenced, drift-tolerant dipole-resolved population inversion using degeneracy-lifted dual quasinormal modes Yu, Jiaxin Zhang, Xinyu Dai, Guangyu Xing, Shuai Yang, Minghui Gu, Fuxing Optics Quantum Gases Photoluminescence intensity is widely used to infer exciton populations, yet the detected signal inherently convolves occupancy with radiative-rate modification and collection efficiency, making quantitative inversion vulnerable to pump and system drifts. Here we realize a dual-channel self-referenced scheme enabled by two nearly degenerate quasinormal modes in a hybrid microcavity. Their shared optical path provides common-mode observables (i.e., overall spectral and intensity drift) that track global thermo-optic and pump fluctuations, while their differential-mode observables (i.e., spectral splitting and mode-contrasted emission) remain highly sensitive to local gap dielectric perturbations and dipole-dependent radiative weights. Using temperature as a control parameter in monolayer WSe$ _2 $, we exploit this common/differential-mode framework to robustly invert the relative populations of excitons with out-of-plane ($ \perp $) and in-plane ($ \parallel $) dipole transitions without external absolute calibration. At the temperature of $\sim$50 K, we obtain $ N_\perp/N_\parallel \approx 200 $, coincident with the expected accumulation in the out-of-plane-emitting dark manifold. This internally referenced approach provides a practical route to drift-tolerant, dipole-resolved population metrology in nanogap photonic systems. |
| title | Self-referenced, drift-tolerant dipole-resolved population inversion using degeneracy-lifted dual quasinormal modes |
| topic | Optics Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.17021 |