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MIDIS: The identification of deep MIRI-red sources as candidates for extreme Balmer-break and line emitting galaxies at high-z

Fuente: arXiv

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Hauptverfasser:	Jermann, I., Brammer, G., Gillman, S., Greve, T. R., Boogaard, L. A., Melinder, J., Meyer, R. A., Pérez-González, P. G., Rinaldi, P., Colina, J. L., Östlin, G., Wright, G., Álvarez-Márquez, J., Bik, A., Caputi, K. I., Gómez, A. Crespo, Costantin, L., Hjorth, J., Iani, E., Kendrew, S., Labiano, A., Langeroodi, D., Peissker, F., Prieto-Jiménez, C., Pye, J. P., Tikkanen, T. V., Walter, F., van der Werf, P., Henning, T., Shuntov, M.
Format:	Preprint
Veröffentlicht:	2026
Schlagworte:	Astrophysics of Galaxies
Online-Zugang:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866911457083392000
author	Jermann, I. Brammer, G. Gillman, S. Greve, T. R. Boogaard, L. A. Melinder, J. Meyer, R. A. Pérez-González, P. G. Rinaldi, P. Colina, J. L. Östlin, G. Wright, G. Álvarez-Márquez, J. Bik, A. Caputi, K. I. Gómez, A. Crespo Costantin, L. Hjorth, J. Iani, E. Kendrew, S. Labiano, A. Langeroodi, D. Peissker, F. Prieto-Jiménez, C. Pye, J. P. Tikkanen, T. V. Walter, F. van der Werf, P. Henning, T. Shuntov, M.
author_facet	Jermann, I. Brammer, G. Gillman, S. Greve, T. R. Boogaard, L. A. Melinder, J. Meyer, R. A. Pérez-González, P. G. Rinaldi, P. Colina, J. L. Östlin, G. Wright, G. Álvarez-Márquez, J. Bik, A. Caputi, K. I. Gómez, A. Crespo Costantin, L. Hjorth, J. Iani, E. Kendrew, S. Labiano, A. Langeroodi, D. Peissker, F. Prieto-Jiménez, C. Pye, J. P. Tikkanen, T. V. Walter, F. van der Werf, P. Henning, T. Shuntov, M.
contents	We investigate the detection and nature of 5.6~μm MIRI-red sources in the MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS), covering 2.4~arcmin$^2$ in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. MIDIS is the deepest JWST/MIRI survey to date, probing faint limits and enabling studies of rare high-redshift galaxy populations. We define MIRI-red sources as those detected at 5$σ$ significance in MIRI/F560W with red colors: $m_{\rm F444W} - m_{\rm F560W} \ge 0.5$. Using an empirical methodology, we estimate the purity and completeness of MIRI detections and find that a 5-sigma detection at 28.75 mag has a purity of 92\% and completeness of 54\%. We identify seven MIRI-red galaxy candidates, including an F115W dropout consistent with a high-redshift galaxy candidate. We explore possible physical origins for the MIRI-red population, including active galactic nuclei, dust-obscured galaxies, extreme emission-line galaxies, evolved stellar populations, and Little Red Dots (LRDs). Given the proximity of the F444W and F560W filters and the depth of MIDIS, MIRI-red galaxies are consistent with emission-line galaxies with $EW_0(Hα) \ge 750$ Å or $EW_0(Hβ+ [OIII]) \ge 600$ Å, or high-redshift Balmer breaks of at least 1.6. We also discuss an extreme MIRI-red galaxy undetected in F444W, a potential MIRI-only source, for which we derive $EW_0(Hα) \sim 6000$ Å and $EW_0(Hβ+ [OIII]) \sim 4000$ Å, or high-$z$ LRD analogs with Balmer breaks of 6.3. Finally, we find fewer MIRI-red detections than expected from extrapolations of the H$α$ or H$β$+[OIII] line luminosity functions, consistent with previous deep searches, while the absence of $z>10$ LRD candidates agrees with theoretical expectations for the MIDIS volume.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_17329
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2026
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	MIDIS: The identification of deep MIRI-red sources as candidates for extreme Balmer-break and line emitting galaxies at high-z Jermann, I. Brammer, G. Gillman, S. Greve, T. R. Boogaard, L. A. Melinder, J. Meyer, R. A. Pérez-González, P. G. Rinaldi, P. Colina, J. L. Östlin, G. Wright, G. Álvarez-Márquez, J. Bik, A. Caputi, K. I. Gómez, A. Crespo Costantin, L. Hjorth, J. Iani, E. Kendrew, S. Labiano, A. Langeroodi, D. Peissker, F. Prieto-Jiménez, C. Pye, J. P. Tikkanen, T. V. Walter, F. van der Werf, P. Henning, T. Shuntov, M. Astrophysics of Galaxies We investigate the detection and nature of 5.6~μm MIRI-red sources in the MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS), covering 2.4~arcmin$^2$ in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. MIDIS is the deepest JWST/MIRI survey to date, probing faint limits and enabling studies of rare high-redshift galaxy populations. We define MIRI-red sources as those detected at 5$σ$ significance in MIRI/F560W with red colors: $m_{\rm F444W} - m_{\rm F560W} \ge 0.5$. Using an empirical methodology, we estimate the purity and completeness of MIRI detections and find that a 5-sigma detection at 28.75 mag has a purity of 92\% and completeness of 54\%. We identify seven MIRI-red galaxy candidates, including an F115W dropout consistent with a high-redshift galaxy candidate. We explore possible physical origins for the MIRI-red population, including active galactic nuclei, dust-obscured galaxies, extreme emission-line galaxies, evolved stellar populations, and Little Red Dots (LRDs). Given the proximity of the F444W and F560W filters and the depth of MIDIS, MIRI-red galaxies are consistent with emission-line galaxies with $EW_0(Hα) \ge 750$ Å or $EW_0(Hβ+ [OIII]) \ge 600$ Å, or high-redshift Balmer breaks of at least 1.6. We also discuss an extreme MIRI-red galaxy undetected in F444W, a potential MIRI-only source, for which we derive $EW_0(Hα) \sim 6000$ Å and $EW_0(Hβ+ [OIII]) \sim 4000$ Å, or high-$z$ LRD analogs with Balmer breaks of 6.3. Finally, we find fewer MIRI-red detections than expected from extrapolations of the H$α$ or H$β$+[OIII] line luminosity functions, consistent with previous deep searches, while the absence of $z>10$ LRD candidates agrees with theoretical expectations for the MIDIS volume.
title	MIDIS: The identification of deep MIRI-red sources as candidates for extreme Balmer-break and line emitting galaxies at high-z
topic	Astrophysics of Galaxies
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.17329