Dark Photon mediated Inelastic Dark Matter in Cosmology, Astrophysics and Colliders
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866918347489148928 |
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| author | Roy, Abhishek Sanyal, Prasenjit Scopel, Stefano |
| author_facet | Roy, Abhishek Sanyal, Prasenjit Scopel, Stefano |
| contents | We provide a systematic discussion of the phenomenology of Dark Photon iDM (A$^{\prime}$iDM) where the Standard Model (SM) is extended by a dark sector containing an additional $U(1)_D$ gauge symmetry under which all SM particles are neutral, and that couples to the SM hypercharge gauge boson through a kinetic mixing parameter $ε$. The model contains two Majorana states $χ_1$ and $χ_2$ with $δ=M_{χ_2}-M_{χ_1}>0$ and $χ_1$ the dark matter candidate, and a dark photon $A^{\prime}$ with mass $M_{A^{\prime}}$. Our analysis represents an integration of existing ones, where only specific benchmarks of the A$^{\prime}$iDM scenario have been discussed. In particular, we fix the $U(1)_D$ coupling $α_D$ equal to the electromagnetic one $α_{EM}$ and $ε$ to its experimental upper bound, and perform a complete scan of the remaining parameters $(M_{χ_1},δ, M_{A^{\prime}})$, discussing the $χ_1$ relic abundance, its direct and indirect searches, as well as potential signals from astrophysics and accelerators. Our systematic scan shows that $α_D$ = $α_{EM}$ is not disfavored, as some previous analyses, limited to specific benchmarks, may suggest. We also find that when the $χ_1$ relic density matches observation direct and indirect searches are not kinematically accessible. On the other hand we find that the projected luminosity of FASER, a detector searching for Long Lived Particles (LLP) decay at the LHC, can probe or rule out the parameters space of the model for $M_{χ_1}\lesssim$ 7 GeV, 100 MeV $\lesssim δ\lesssim$ 300 MeV and $M_{A^{\prime}}\lesssim$ 25 GeV. This range of parameter could be significantly extended by the FASER 2 upgrade proposed for the High-Luminosity phase at the LHC. The parameter space probed by LLP seaches partially overlaps with that probed by $χ_1$ capture in neutron stars. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_18051 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Dark Photon mediated Inelastic Dark Matter in Cosmology, Astrophysics and Colliders Roy, Abhishek Sanyal, Prasenjit Scopel, Stefano High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Experiment We provide a systematic discussion of the phenomenology of Dark Photon iDM (A$^{\prime}$iDM) where the Standard Model (SM) is extended by a dark sector containing an additional $U(1)_D$ gauge symmetry under which all SM particles are neutral, and that couples to the SM hypercharge gauge boson through a kinetic mixing parameter $ε$. The model contains two Majorana states $χ_1$ and $χ_2$ with $δ=M_{χ_2}-M_{χ_1}>0$ and $χ_1$ the dark matter candidate, and a dark photon $A^{\prime}$ with mass $M_{A^{\prime}}$. Our analysis represents an integration of existing ones, where only specific benchmarks of the A$^{\prime}$iDM scenario have been discussed. In particular, we fix the $U(1)_D$ coupling $α_D$ equal to the electromagnetic one $α_{EM}$ and $ε$ to its experimental upper bound, and perform a complete scan of the remaining parameters $(M_{χ_1},δ, M_{A^{\prime}})$, discussing the $χ_1$ relic abundance, its direct and indirect searches, as well as potential signals from astrophysics and accelerators. Our systematic scan shows that $α_D$ = $α_{EM}$ is not disfavored, as some previous analyses, limited to specific benchmarks, may suggest. We also find that when the $χ_1$ relic density matches observation direct and indirect searches are not kinematically accessible. On the other hand we find that the projected luminosity of FASER, a detector searching for Long Lived Particles (LLP) decay at the LHC, can probe or rule out the parameters space of the model for $M_{χ_1}\lesssim$ 7 GeV, 100 MeV $\lesssim δ\lesssim$ 300 MeV and $M_{A^{\prime}}\lesssim$ 25 GeV. This range of parameter could be significantly extended by the FASER 2 upgrade proposed for the High-Luminosity phase at the LHC. The parameter space probed by LLP seaches partially overlaps with that probed by $χ_1$ capture in neutron stars. |
| title | Dark Photon mediated Inelastic Dark Matter in Cosmology, Astrophysics and Colliders |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.18051 |