Thermodynamic and Kinetic Bounds for Finite-frequency Fluctuation-Response
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866910028910297088 |
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| author | Zheng, Jiming Lu, Zhiyue |
| author_facet | Zheng, Jiming Lu, Zhiyue |
| contents | Fluctuation-response relations encode fundamental constraints on nonequilibrium systems. While time-domain static response is bounded by activity and entropy production, finite-frequency extensions for time-dependent perturbations remain largely unexplored. Here, we derive frequency-domain fluctuation-response inequalities for steady-state Markov processes with time-dependent perturbations. For barrier and entropic perturbations, the spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is universally bounded by dynamical activity. Furthermore, for state-current observables, the SNR is bounded by the entropy production rate (EPR). We illustrate our results using the F1-ATPase model to infer EPR. These finite-frequency inequalities provide a practical route to infer dissipation from power spectra measurements. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_18631 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Thermodynamic and Kinetic Bounds for Finite-frequency Fluctuation-Response Zheng, Jiming Lu, Zhiyue Statistical Mechanics Fluctuation-response relations encode fundamental constraints on nonequilibrium systems. While time-domain static response is bounded by activity and entropy production, finite-frequency extensions for time-dependent perturbations remain largely unexplored. Here, we derive frequency-domain fluctuation-response inequalities for steady-state Markov processes with time-dependent perturbations. For barrier and entropic perturbations, the spectral signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is universally bounded by dynamical activity. Furthermore, for state-current observables, the SNR is bounded by the entropy production rate (EPR). We illustrate our results using the F1-ATPase model to infer EPR. These finite-frequency inequalities provide a practical route to infer dissipation from power spectra measurements. |
| title | Thermodynamic and Kinetic Bounds for Finite-frequency Fluctuation-Response |
| topic | Statistical Mechanics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.18631 |