Temporal Action Representation Learning for Tactical Resource Control and Subsequent Maneuver Generation

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Jung, Hoseong, Son, Sungil, Cho, Daesol, Park, Jonghae, Choi, Changhyun, Kim, H. Jin
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Jung, Hoseong
Son, Sungil
Cho, Daesol
Park, Jonghae
Choi, Changhyun
Kim, H. Jin
author_facet Jung, Hoseong
Son, Sungil
Cho, Daesol
Park, Jonghae
Choi, Changhyun
Kim, H. Jin
contents Autonomous robotic systems should reason about resource control and its impact on subsequent maneuvers, especially when operating with limited energy budgets or restricted sensing. Learning-based control is effective in handling complex dynamics and represents the problem as a hybrid action space unifying discrete resource usage and continuous maneuvers. However, prior works on hybrid action space have not sufficiently captured the causal dependencies between resource usage and maneuvers. They have also overlooked the multi-modal nature of tactical decisions, both of which are critical in fast-evolving scenarios. In this paper, we propose TART, a Temporal Action Representation learning framework for Tactical resource control and subsequent maneuver generation. TART leverages contrastive learning based on a mutual information objective, designed to capture inherent temporal dependencies in resource-maneuver interactions. These learned representations are quantized into discrete codebook entries that condition the policy, capturing recurring tactical patterns and enabling multi-modal and temporally coherent behaviors. We evaluate TART in two domains where resource deployment is critical: (i) a maze navigation task where a limited budget of discrete actions provides enhanced mobility, and (ii) a high-fidelity air combat simulator in which an F-16 agent operates weapons and defensive systems in coordination with flight maneuvers. Across both domains, TART consistently outperforms hybrid-action baselines, demonstrating its effectiveness in leveraging limited resources and producing context-aware subsequent maneuvers.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_18716
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Temporal Action Representation Learning for Tactical Resource Control and Subsequent Maneuver Generation
Jung, Hoseong
Son, Sungil
Cho, Daesol
Park, Jonghae
Choi, Changhyun
Kim, H. Jin
Robotics
Artificial Intelligence
Autonomous robotic systems should reason about resource control and its impact on subsequent maneuvers, especially when operating with limited energy budgets or restricted sensing. Learning-based control is effective in handling complex dynamics and represents the problem as a hybrid action space unifying discrete resource usage and continuous maneuvers. However, prior works on hybrid action space have not sufficiently captured the causal dependencies between resource usage and maneuvers. They have also overlooked the multi-modal nature of tactical decisions, both of which are critical in fast-evolving scenarios. In this paper, we propose TART, a Temporal Action Representation learning framework for Tactical resource control and subsequent maneuver generation. TART leverages contrastive learning based on a mutual information objective, designed to capture inherent temporal dependencies in resource-maneuver interactions. These learned representations are quantized into discrete codebook entries that condition the policy, capturing recurring tactical patterns and enabling multi-modal and temporally coherent behaviors. We evaluate TART in two domains where resource deployment is critical: (i) a maze navigation task where a limited budget of discrete actions provides enhanced mobility, and (ii) a high-fidelity air combat simulator in which an F-16 agent operates weapons and defensive systems in coordination with flight maneuvers. Across both domains, TART consistently outperforms hybrid-action baselines, demonstrating its effectiveness in leveraging limited resources and producing context-aware subsequent maneuvers.
title Temporal Action Representation Learning for Tactical Resource Control and Subsequent Maneuver Generation
topic Robotics
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.18716