Form factors of $Δ$(1232) and the electromagnetic $N-Δ$ transition

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Wang, Jiaqi, Fu, Dongyan, Dong, Yubing
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Wang, Jiaqi
Fu, Dongyan
Dong, Yubing
author_facet Wang, Jiaqi
Fu, Dongyan
Dong, Yubing
contents In this work, the electromagnetic and gravitational form factors of $Δ$ isobars, as well as the electromagnetic $N-Δ$ transition form factors are studied systematically and continuously using a covariant quark-diquark approach with the pion cloud effect. In our model, the baryon is treated as the two-body system to simplify calculations, and the quarks are assumed to be surrounded by the pion cloud. The related physical properties, such as the charge radius and magnetic moment of $Δ$ and the helicity amplitudes of the $N-Δ$ transition are obtained and discussed. Our results for the form factors of both $Δ$(1232) and the electromagnetic $N-Δ$ transition are in reasonable agreement with the experimental or lattice results. Moreover, we found that the pion cloud plays an important role in the results through enlarging the magnetic transition form factor $G_M(t)$ and shifting the sign of the D-term of $Δ$ to negative.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_19480
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Form factors of $Δ$(1232) and the electromagnetic $N-Δ$ transition
Wang, Jiaqi
Fu, Dongyan
Dong, Yubing
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
In this work, the electromagnetic and gravitational form factors of $Δ$ isobars, as well as the electromagnetic $N-Δ$ transition form factors are studied systematically and continuously using a covariant quark-diquark approach with the pion cloud effect. In our model, the baryon is treated as the two-body system to simplify calculations, and the quarks are assumed to be surrounded by the pion cloud. The related physical properties, such as the charge radius and magnetic moment of $Δ$ and the helicity amplitudes of the $N-Δ$ transition are obtained and discussed. Our results for the form factors of both $Δ$(1232) and the electromagnetic $N-Δ$ transition are in reasonable agreement with the experimental or lattice results. Moreover, we found that the pion cloud plays an important role in the results through enlarging the magnetic transition form factor $G_M(t)$ and shifting the sign of the D-term of $Δ$ to negative.
title Form factors of $Δ$(1232) and the electromagnetic $N-Δ$ transition
topic High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.19480