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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.19642 |
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| _version_ | 1866913028655546368 |
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| author | Zhang, Minyi Zhou, Weiyue Short, Michael P. Bagot, Paul A. J. Moody, Michael P. Hofmann, Felix |
| author_facet | Zhang, Minyi Zhou, Weiyue Short, Michael P. Bagot, Paul A. J. Moody, Michael P. Hofmann, Felix |
| contents | Understanding corrosion in liquid metal-cooled nuclear systems is essential in order be able to control it. While much literature exists detailing corrosion rates and mechanisms of structural materials in liquid metals, much still remains to be discovered in new regimes of temperature, chemistry, and impurity content. We focus on a less-studied set of conditions, specifically to investigate how liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) corrodes ferritic/martensitic steels under high-temperature oxidizing conditions. We find that corrosion follows grain boundaries, transitioning from intergranular attack to broader area corrosion as it progresses. Both chromium and oxygen diffusion play vital roles in this process. Mechanistically speaking, the ingress of LBE induces regions of martensite decomposition to ferrite via localized chromium depletion, somewhat slowing corrosion. A stable, coherent oxide scale appears to be the deciding factor that controls whether intergranular LBE attack occurs or not. Most surprisingly, a layer of iron enriched body-centred cubic phase forms on the surface of LBE-corroded T91 at these conditions, contradicting previous studies, which reported only oxide-based surface layers. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_19642 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Corrosion Evolution of T91 Steel in Static Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Under an Oxidising Environment Zhang, Minyi Zhou, Weiyue Short, Michael P. Bagot, Paul A. J. Moody, Michael P. Hofmann, Felix Materials Science Understanding corrosion in liquid metal-cooled nuclear systems is essential in order be able to control it. While much literature exists detailing corrosion rates and mechanisms of structural materials in liquid metals, much still remains to be discovered in new regimes of temperature, chemistry, and impurity content. We focus on a less-studied set of conditions, specifically to investigate how liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) corrodes ferritic/martensitic steels under high-temperature oxidizing conditions. We find that corrosion follows grain boundaries, transitioning from intergranular attack to broader area corrosion as it progresses. Both chromium and oxygen diffusion play vital roles in this process. Mechanistically speaking, the ingress of LBE induces regions of martensite decomposition to ferrite via localized chromium depletion, somewhat slowing corrosion. A stable, coherent oxide scale appears to be the deciding factor that controls whether intergranular LBE attack occurs or not. Most surprisingly, a layer of iron enriched body-centred cubic phase forms on the surface of LBE-corroded T91 at these conditions, contradicting previous studies, which reported only oxide-based surface layers. |
| title | Corrosion Evolution of T91 Steel in Static Lead-Bismuth Eutectic Under an Oxidising Environment |
| topic | Materials Science |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.19642 |