The ALPINE-CRISTAL-JWST Survey: Chemical Abundance Comparison Between the ISM and CGM of Main-Sequence Galaxies at z=4-6
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| Formato: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Wang, Wuji Faisst, Andreas L. Finner, Kyle Vallini, Livia Pallottini, Andrea Veraldi, Enrico Mobasher, Bahram Lin, Yu-Heng Zamorani, Giovanni Villanueva, Vicente Veilleux, Sylvain C., Keerthi Vasan G. Uebler, Hannah Tsujita, Akiyoshi Telikova, Kseniia Silverman, John D. Romano, Michael Relano, Monica Pozzi, Francesca Nanni, Ambra Molina, Juan Liu, Lun-Jun Li, Yuan Kohandel, Mahsa Koekemoer, Anton M. Inami, Hanae Ibar, Edo Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo Hadi, Ali Gutierrez-Vera, Nicol Ginolfi, Michele Fujimoto, Seiji Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava De Looze, Ilse Dam, Poulomi da Cunha, Elisabete Boquien, Mederic Assef, Roberto J. Aravena, Manuel Sanders, David B. |
| author_facet | Wang, Wuji Faisst, Andreas L. Finner, Kyle Vallini, Livia Pallottini, Andrea Veraldi, Enrico Mobasher, Bahram Lin, Yu-Heng Zamorani, Giovanni Villanueva, Vicente Veilleux, Sylvain C., Keerthi Vasan G. Uebler, Hannah Tsujita, Akiyoshi Telikova, Kseniia Silverman, John D. Romano, Michael Relano, Monica Pozzi, Francesca Nanni, Ambra Molina, Juan Liu, Lun-Jun Li, Yuan Kohandel, Mahsa Koekemoer, Anton M. Inami, Hanae Ibar, Edo Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo Hadi, Ali Gutierrez-Vera, Nicol Ginolfi, Michele Fujimoto, Seiji Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava De Looze, Ilse Dam, Poulomi da Cunha, Elisabete Boquien, Mederic Assef, Roberto J. Aravena, Manuel Sanders, David B. |
| contents | Gaseous halos around galaxies play an important role in galaxy evolution. The exchange of metals from the interstellar medium (ISM) to the circumgalactic medium (CGM) are caused by the formation, feedback, and/or merging history of galaxies. We study the variation in chemical composition between the ISM ($\lesssim3\,$kpc) and CGM ($\sim5-10\,$kpc) for a sample of $M_{\star}>10^{9.5}\,M_{\odot}$ main-sequence galaxies at $4<z<6$ with both JWST and ALMA observations. Using JWST/NIRSpec integral field spectroscopy, we derive the optical line ratios from the ISM and the CGM for our sample focusing on the typical optical lines used for metallicity studies. Our comparison shows that the ISM and the CGM have similar chemical abundances. This indicates that the CGM of these typical $4<z<6$ galaxies is enriched to the level of their ISM in the early universe. Using statistical tests, we find that some of the line ratios show marginal differences between the ISM and CGM. Combined with \texttt{Cloudy} modeling, our results suggest that a difference in ionization level (higher for the ISM) is the dominant reason for the observed ratio difference of oxygen line ratios. There is also indication of a deficit in the nitrogen abundance with respect to oxygen in the CGM, which suggests a delay in redistribution of secondary nitrogen. Finally, an enhanced $F_{[\rm CII]\rm 158μm}/F_{\rm Hα}$ ratio is observed in the CGM, suggesting that feedback and/or mergers play a key role in metal mixing. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_20241 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The ALPINE-CRISTAL-JWST Survey: Chemical Abundance Comparison Between the ISM and CGM of Main-Sequence Galaxies at z=4-6 Wang, Wuji Faisst, Andreas L. Finner, Kyle Vallini, Livia Pallottini, Andrea Veraldi, Enrico Mobasher, Bahram Lin, Yu-Heng Zamorani, Giovanni Villanueva, Vicente Veilleux, Sylvain C., Keerthi Vasan G. Uebler, Hannah Tsujita, Akiyoshi Telikova, Kseniia Silverman, John D. Romano, Michael Relano, Monica Pozzi, Francesca Nanni, Ambra Molina, Juan Liu, Lun-Jun Li, Yuan Kohandel, Mahsa Koekemoer, Anton M. Inami, Hanae Ibar, Edo Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo Hadi, Ali Gutierrez-Vera, Nicol Ginolfi, Michele Fujimoto, Seiji Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava De Looze, Ilse Dam, Poulomi da Cunha, Elisabete Boquien, Mederic Assef, Roberto J. Aravena, Manuel Sanders, David B. Astrophysics of Galaxies Gaseous halos around galaxies play an important role in galaxy evolution. The exchange of metals from the interstellar medium (ISM) to the circumgalactic medium (CGM) are caused by the formation, feedback, and/or merging history of galaxies. We study the variation in chemical composition between the ISM ($\lesssim3\,$kpc) and CGM ($\sim5-10\,$kpc) for a sample of $M_{\star}>10^{9.5}\,M_{\odot}$ main-sequence galaxies at $4<z<6$ with both JWST and ALMA observations. Using JWST/NIRSpec integral field spectroscopy, we derive the optical line ratios from the ISM and the CGM for our sample focusing on the typical optical lines used for metallicity studies. Our comparison shows that the ISM and the CGM have similar chemical abundances. This indicates that the CGM of these typical $4<z<6$ galaxies is enriched to the level of their ISM in the early universe. Using statistical tests, we find that some of the line ratios show marginal differences between the ISM and CGM. Combined with \texttt{Cloudy} modeling, our results suggest that a difference in ionization level (higher for the ISM) is the dominant reason for the observed ratio difference of oxygen line ratios. There is also indication of a deficit in the nitrogen abundance with respect to oxygen in the CGM, which suggests a delay in redistribution of secondary nitrogen. Finally, an enhanced $F_{[\rm CII]\rm 158μm}/F_{\rm Hα}$ ratio is observed in the CGM, suggesting that feedback and/or mergers play a key role in metal mixing. |
| title | The ALPINE-CRISTAL-JWST Survey: Chemical Abundance Comparison Between the ISM and CGM of Main-Sequence Galaxies at z=4-6 |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.20241 |