ALMA Central Molecular Zone Exploration Survey (ACES) I: Overview
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Longmore, Steven N. Bally, John Barnes, Ashley T. Battersby, Cara Colzi, Laura Ginsburg, Adam Henshaw, Jonathan D. Ho, Paul T. P. Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik Mills, Elisabeth A. C. Petkova, Maya A. Sormani, Mattia C. Tress, Robin G. Walker, Daniel L. Wallace, Jennifer Alkhuja, Emad Armillotta, Lucia Budaiev, Nazar Buddhacharya, Rojita Bulatek, Alyssa Burton, Michael Butterfield, Natalie O. Busch, Laura A. Caselli, Paola Chevance, Mélanie Cook, Claire Crowe, Samuel Díaz-Rodríguez, Ana Karla DiTeodoro, Enrico Dicker, Simon R. Dutkowska, Katarzyna M. Fairley, Adam Federrath, Christoph Fedriani, Rubén Feng, Zi-Xuan Fiteni, Karl Fuller, Gary García, Pablo Goicoechea, Javier Girichidis, Philipp Glover, Simon C. O. Gorski, Mark Gramze, Savannah R. Gu, Qi-Lao Hatchfield, H. Perry Henkel, Christian Houghton, Rebecca J. Hsieh, Pei-Ying Hu, Yue Immer, Katharina Jeff, Desmond Karoly, Janik Kauffmann, Jens Klessen, Ralf S. Krumholz, Mark R. Lazarian, Alex Levesque, Emily M. Liang, Fu-Heng Lipman, Dani Liu, Xunchuan Lu, Xing Luo, Qiu-yi Lupi, Alessandro McCafferty, Laura Martín, S. Mazoochi, Farideh Morris, Mark R. Nonhebel, Marie Nogueras-Lara, Francisco Oka, Tomoharu Ott, Juergen Padovani, Marco Pan, Xing Pineda, Jaime E. Pillai, Thushara G. S. Pound, Marc W. Torres, Miguel Requena Riquelme-Vásquez, Denise Rivilla, Víctor M. Salo, Galaxy Sánchez-Monge, Álvaro Santa-Maria, Miriam G. Schoedel, Rainer Schmiedeke, Anika Schultheis, Matthias Smith, Howard A. Sofue, Yoshiaki Testi, Leonardo Tremblay, Grant R. Vasini, Arianna Vermariën, Gijs Vikhlinin, Alexey Viti, Serena Wang, Q. Daniel Xu, Fengwei Zhang, Suinan Zhang, Qizhou |
| author_facet | Longmore, Steven N. Bally, John Barnes, Ashley T. Battersby, Cara Colzi, Laura Ginsburg, Adam Henshaw, Jonathan D. Ho, Paul T. P. Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik Mills, Elisabeth A. C. Petkova, Maya A. Sormani, Mattia C. Tress, Robin G. Walker, Daniel L. Wallace, Jennifer Alkhuja, Emad Armillotta, Lucia Budaiev, Nazar Buddhacharya, Rojita Bulatek, Alyssa Burton, Michael Butterfield, Natalie O. Busch, Laura A. Caselli, Paola Chevance, Mélanie Cook, Claire Crowe, Samuel Díaz-Rodríguez, Ana Karla DiTeodoro, Enrico Dicker, Simon R. Dutkowska, Katarzyna M. Fairley, Adam Federrath, Christoph Fedriani, Rubén Feng, Zi-Xuan Fiteni, Karl Fuller, Gary García, Pablo Goicoechea, Javier Girichidis, Philipp Glover, Simon C. O. Gorski, Mark Gramze, Savannah R. Gu, Qi-Lao Hatchfield, H. Perry Henkel, Christian Houghton, Rebecca J. Hsieh, Pei-Ying Hu, Yue Immer, Katharina Jeff, Desmond Karoly, Janik Kauffmann, Jens Klessen, Ralf S. Krumholz, Mark R. Lazarian, Alex Levesque, Emily M. Liang, Fu-Heng Lipman, Dani Liu, Xunchuan Lu, Xing Luo, Qiu-yi Lupi, Alessandro McCafferty, Laura Martín, S. Mazoochi, Farideh Morris, Mark R. Nonhebel, Marie Nogueras-Lara, Francisco Oka, Tomoharu Ott, Juergen Padovani, Marco Pan, Xing Pineda, Jaime E. Pillai, Thushara G. S. Pound, Marc W. Torres, Miguel Requena Riquelme-Vásquez, Denise Rivilla, Víctor M. Salo, Galaxy Sánchez-Monge, Álvaro Santa-Maria, Miriam G. Schoedel, Rainer Schmiedeke, Anika Schultheis, Matthias Smith, Howard A. Sofue, Yoshiaki Testi, Leonardo Tremblay, Grant R. Vasini, Arianna Vermariën, Gijs Vikhlinin, Alexey Viti, Serena Wang, Q. Daniel Xu, Fengwei Zhang, Suinan Zhang, Qizhou |
| contents | The mass flows and energy cycles within the inner regions of galaxies exert a powerful influence on the evolution of the galaxy population. The centre of the Milky Way is the only galactic nucleus for which it is possible to resolve the physical mechanisms that drive these cycles, namely star formation and feedback, while also tracing global (>100 pc) processes which determine where and when star formation and feedback occur. We present an overview of ACES, the 'Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) CMZ Exploration Survey', a ~1.5" angular resolution, 0.2-3 km/s spectral resolution ALMA Band 3 (85-102 GHz), survey of the 'Central Molecular Zone' (CMZ) -- the inner-100 pc of the Galaxy (l = 359.4 deg to 0.8 deg). ACES spectral setup is tuned to observe optimal tracers of the physical, chemical, and kinematic conditions in over 70 spectral features (e.g. HCO+, HNCO, SiO, H40alpha, complex molecules) of the gas in the CMZ, to derive the properties of all potentially star-forming Galactic Centre gas, from global scales (100 pc) to dense ~0.05 pc structures that are expected to host individual star-forming cores, down to sub-sonic (<0.4 km/s) velocity resolution. In this overview paper, we provide the scientific justification for the ACES survey, explain the choice of observational setup, and describe the data legacy products. Finally, we show some of the initial ACES data which highlight the power of ACES' combination of high angular resolution, unprecedented spatial dynamic range, sensitivity, spectral resolution and spectral bandwidth as an illustration of how ACES aims to understand how global processes set the location, intensity, and timescales for star formation and feedback in the CMZ. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_20340 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | ALMA Central Molecular Zone Exploration Survey (ACES) I: Overview Longmore, Steven N. Bally, John Barnes, Ashley T. Battersby, Cara Colzi, Laura Ginsburg, Adam Henshaw, Jonathan D. Ho, Paul T. P. Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik Mills, Elisabeth A. C. Petkova, Maya A. Sormani, Mattia C. Tress, Robin G. Walker, Daniel L. Wallace, Jennifer Alkhuja, Emad Armillotta, Lucia Budaiev, Nazar Buddhacharya, Rojita Bulatek, Alyssa Burton, Michael Butterfield, Natalie O. Busch, Laura A. Caselli, Paola Chevance, Mélanie Cook, Claire Crowe, Samuel Díaz-Rodríguez, Ana Karla DiTeodoro, Enrico Dicker, Simon R. Dutkowska, Katarzyna M. Fairley, Adam Federrath, Christoph Fedriani, Rubén Feng, Zi-Xuan Fiteni, Karl Fuller, Gary García, Pablo Goicoechea, Javier Girichidis, Philipp Glover, Simon C. O. Gorski, Mark Gramze, Savannah R. Gu, Qi-Lao Hatchfield, H. Perry Henkel, Christian Houghton, Rebecca J. Hsieh, Pei-Ying Hu, Yue Immer, Katharina Jeff, Desmond Karoly, Janik Kauffmann, Jens Klessen, Ralf S. Krumholz, Mark R. Lazarian, Alex Levesque, Emily M. Liang, Fu-Heng Lipman, Dani Liu, Xunchuan Lu, Xing Luo, Qiu-yi Lupi, Alessandro McCafferty, Laura Martín, S. Mazoochi, Farideh Morris, Mark R. Nonhebel, Marie Nogueras-Lara, Francisco Oka, Tomoharu Ott, Juergen Padovani, Marco Pan, Xing Pineda, Jaime E. Pillai, Thushara G. S. Pound, Marc W. Torres, Miguel Requena Riquelme-Vásquez, Denise Rivilla, Víctor M. Salo, Galaxy Sánchez-Monge, Álvaro Santa-Maria, Miriam G. Schoedel, Rainer Schmiedeke, Anika Schultheis, Matthias Smith, Howard A. Sofue, Yoshiaki Testi, Leonardo Tremblay, Grant R. Vasini, Arianna Vermariën, Gijs Vikhlinin, Alexey Viti, Serena Wang, Q. Daniel Xu, Fengwei Zhang, Suinan Zhang, Qizhou Astrophysics of Galaxies The mass flows and energy cycles within the inner regions of galaxies exert a powerful influence on the evolution of the galaxy population. The centre of the Milky Way is the only galactic nucleus for which it is possible to resolve the physical mechanisms that drive these cycles, namely star formation and feedback, while also tracing global (>100 pc) processes which determine where and when star formation and feedback occur. We present an overview of ACES, the 'Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) CMZ Exploration Survey', a ~1.5" angular resolution, 0.2-3 km/s spectral resolution ALMA Band 3 (85-102 GHz), survey of the 'Central Molecular Zone' (CMZ) -- the inner-100 pc of the Galaxy (l = 359.4 deg to 0.8 deg). ACES spectral setup is tuned to observe optimal tracers of the physical, chemical, and kinematic conditions in over 70 spectral features (e.g. HCO+, HNCO, SiO, H40alpha, complex molecules) of the gas in the CMZ, to derive the properties of all potentially star-forming Galactic Centre gas, from global scales (100 pc) to dense ~0.05 pc structures that are expected to host individual star-forming cores, down to sub-sonic (<0.4 km/s) velocity resolution. In this overview paper, we provide the scientific justification for the ACES survey, explain the choice of observational setup, and describe the data legacy products. Finally, we show some of the initial ACES data which highlight the power of ACES' combination of high angular resolution, unprecedented spatial dynamic range, sensitivity, spectral resolution and spectral bandwidth as an illustration of how ACES aims to understand how global processes set the location, intensity, and timescales for star formation and feedback in the CMZ. |
| title | ALMA Central Molecular Zone Exploration Survey (ACES) I: Overview |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.20340 |