Adaptation by Cumulative Selection

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Author: Arthur, Rudy
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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author Arthur, Rudy
author_facet Arthur, Rudy
contents Biological systems like long-lived clonal organisms, holobionts and clades challenge traditional evolutionary thinking since they adapt without populations or reproduction. This paper aims to provide an overarching theoretical framework which encompasses standard Darwinian evolution as well as other processes of adaptation. This framework is cumulative selection and I provide a general `recipe' for it to occur. Lewontin's recipe for evolution by natural selection is shown to be a particular example of cumulative selection, but not the only one. Similarly, reproduction, inheritance and populations are just one way to perform cumulative selection. I discuss several other examples of cumulative selection including clonal organisms, dioecious populations, Gaia and neural networks.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_20883
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Adaptation by Cumulative Selection
Arthur, Rudy
Populations and Evolution
Biological systems like long-lived clonal organisms, holobionts and clades challenge traditional evolutionary thinking since they adapt without populations or reproduction. This paper aims to provide an overarching theoretical framework which encompasses standard Darwinian evolution as well as other processes of adaptation. This framework is cumulative selection and I provide a general `recipe' for it to occur. Lewontin's recipe for evolution by natural selection is shown to be a particular example of cumulative selection, but not the only one. Similarly, reproduction, inheritance and populations are just one way to perform cumulative selection. I discuss several other examples of cumulative selection including clonal organisms, dioecious populations, Gaia and neural networks.
title Adaptation by Cumulative Selection
topic Populations and Evolution
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.20883