Pancake: Hierarchical Memory System for Multi-Agent LLM Serving

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Hu, Zhengding, Pan, Zaifeng, Kaur, Prabhleen, Murthy, Vibha, Yu, Zhongkai, Guan, Yue, Wang, Zhen, Swanson, Steven, Ding, Yufei
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Hu, Zhengding
Pan, Zaifeng
Kaur, Prabhleen
Murthy, Vibha
Yu, Zhongkai
Guan, Yue
Wang, Zhen
Swanson, Steven
Ding, Yufei
author_facet Hu, Zhengding
Pan, Zaifeng
Kaur, Prabhleen
Murthy, Vibha
Yu, Zhongkai
Guan, Yue
Wang, Zhen
Swanson, Steven
Ding, Yufei
contents In this work, we identify and address the core challenges of agentic memory management in LLM serving, where large-scale storage, frequent updates, and multiple coexisting agents jointly introduce complex and high-cost approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) searching problems. We present Pancake, a multi-tier agentic memory system that unifies three key techniques: (i) multi-level index caching for single agents, (ii) coordinated index management across multiple agents, and (iii) collaborative GPU-CPU acceleration. Pancake exposes easy-to-use interface that can be integrated into memory-based agents like Mem-GPT, and is compatible with agentic frameworks such as LangChain and LlamaIndex. Experiments on realistic agent workloads show that Pancake substantially outperforms existing frameworks, achieving more than 4.29x end-to-end throughput improvement.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_21477
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Pancake: Hierarchical Memory System for Multi-Agent LLM Serving
Hu, Zhengding
Pan, Zaifeng
Kaur, Prabhleen
Murthy, Vibha
Yu, Zhongkai
Guan, Yue
Wang, Zhen
Swanson, Steven
Ding, Yufei
Multiagent Systems
In this work, we identify and address the core challenges of agentic memory management in LLM serving, where large-scale storage, frequent updates, and multiple coexisting agents jointly introduce complex and high-cost approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) searching problems. We present Pancake, a multi-tier agentic memory system that unifies three key techniques: (i) multi-level index caching for single agents, (ii) coordinated index management across multiple agents, and (iii) collaborative GPU-CPU acceleration. Pancake exposes easy-to-use interface that can be integrated into memory-based agents like Mem-GPT, and is compatible with agentic frameworks such as LangChain and LlamaIndex. Experiments on realistic agent workloads show that Pancake substantially outperforms existing frameworks, achieving more than 4.29x end-to-end throughput improvement.
title Pancake: Hierarchical Memory System for Multi-Agent LLM Serving
topic Multiagent Systems
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21477