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| Format: | Preprint |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2026
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21607 |
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| _version_ | 1866911467396136960 |
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| author | Ueyama, Taichi Tamura, Hodaka Asada, Hideki |
| author_facet | Ueyama, Taichi Tamura, Hodaka Asada, Hideki |
| contents | Can we estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of a gravitational wave (GW) signal from pulsar timing array observations? The present paper addresses the inverse problem, for which we consider quadrupole moments of pulsar timings due to GWs from a dominant isolated source such as a binary of supermassive black holes over an isotropic stochastic background. Correlations between the quadrupole moments are discussed, where the correlations between pulsar pairs over the full sky are taken into account. The correlations turn out to be in the form of a three-dimensional traceless matrix with rank 2 that can be closely related with a projection tensor for the GW. Thereby, we demonstrate that the rank-2 matrix allows to estimate the DOA of the GW. In expectation of the forthcoming Square Kilometer Array, angular resolutions as well as DOA estimation errors are also examined. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_21607 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Direction-of-arrival estimation of a gravitational wave by correlations between quadrupole moments of pulsar timings Ueyama, Taichi Tamura, Hodaka Asada, Hideki General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Theory Can we estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of a gravitational wave (GW) signal from pulsar timing array observations? The present paper addresses the inverse problem, for which we consider quadrupole moments of pulsar timings due to GWs from a dominant isolated source such as a binary of supermassive black holes over an isotropic stochastic background. Correlations between the quadrupole moments are discussed, where the correlations between pulsar pairs over the full sky are taken into account. The correlations turn out to be in the form of a three-dimensional traceless matrix with rank 2 that can be closely related with a projection tensor for the GW. Thereby, we demonstrate that the rank-2 matrix allows to estimate the DOA of the GW. In expectation of the forthcoming Square Kilometer Array, angular resolutions as well as DOA estimation errors are also examined. |
| title | Direction-of-arrival estimation of a gravitational wave by correlations between quadrupole moments of pulsar timings |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21607 |