Quantum squeezing in an all-resonant periodically poled lithium niobate microresonator
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2026
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| author | Ren, Xinyi Kopparapu, Reshma Karnik, Tushar Sanjay Lee, Chun-Ho Kwon, Kiwon Cheung, Clayton Yu, Yue Ma, Shi-Yuan Wu, Bo-Han Yin, Ran Zhou, Lian Zhuang, Quntao Englund, Dirk Chen, Zaijun Yu, Mengjie |
| author_facet | Ren, Xinyi Kopparapu, Reshma Karnik, Tushar Sanjay Lee, Chun-Ho Kwon, Kiwon Cheung, Clayton Yu, Yue Ma, Shi-Yuan Wu, Bo-Han Yin, Ran Zhou, Lian Zhuang, Quntao Englund, Dirk Chen, Zaijun Yu, Mengjie |
| contents | Quantum noise limits the sensitivity of optical measurements, but squeezed states of light enable quantum-enhanced metrology, sensing, and information processing. Most on-chip squeezed-light sources rely on Kerr ($χ^{(3)}$) nonlinearities, remain limited by pump power and excess loss constraints. Quadratic ($χ^{(2)}$) platforms instead provide stronger parametric interactions, lower pump power requirements, and greater spectral engineering flexibility. Here, we demonstrate strong, broadband squeezed-light generation on a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) photonic chip using a dual-resonant optical parametric amplifier implemented in a single periodically poled LN (PPLN) microresonator. Near-full-depth domain inversion is achieved simultaneously with highly over-coupled resonances, exhibiting escape efficiencies exceeding 90% and intrinsic quality factors above 2.5 million in a 0.6 mm$^2$ X-cut TF-PPLN resonator, enabling efficient squeezing at 1587 nm when pumped at 793.5 nm. Operating in the continuous-wave regime, we directly measure -0.81 dB of squeezing below the shot-noise limit with a pump power of 27 mW, together with +4.29 dB of anti-squeezing. From these measurements, we infer an on-chip squeezing level of -7.52 dB $\pm$ 0.22 dB (95% confidence interval: [-7.96,-7.10] dB), and an on-chip anti-squeezing level of +9.62 dB $\pm$ 0.25 dB. We demonstrate single-mode squeezing at degeneracy with a squeezed-light spectrum exceeding 10.3 THz. This work reports the highest squeezing ratio among integrated $χ^{(2)}$ cavity platforms and the first quasi-phase matched, fully resonant $χ^{(2)}$ cavity squeezer on chip, establishing a scalable route to fully integrated power-efficient squeezed-light sources for quantum-enhanced sensing and metrology. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_22693 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum squeezing in an all-resonant periodically poled lithium niobate microresonator Ren, Xinyi Kopparapu, Reshma Karnik, Tushar Sanjay Lee, Chun-Ho Kwon, Kiwon Cheung, Clayton Yu, Yue Ma, Shi-Yuan Wu, Bo-Han Yin, Ran Zhou, Lian Zhuang, Quntao Englund, Dirk Chen, Zaijun Yu, Mengjie Optics Quantum Physics Quantum noise limits the sensitivity of optical measurements, but squeezed states of light enable quantum-enhanced metrology, sensing, and information processing. Most on-chip squeezed-light sources rely on Kerr ($χ^{(3)}$) nonlinearities, remain limited by pump power and excess loss constraints. Quadratic ($χ^{(2)}$) platforms instead provide stronger parametric interactions, lower pump power requirements, and greater spectral engineering flexibility. Here, we demonstrate strong, broadband squeezed-light generation on a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) photonic chip using a dual-resonant optical parametric amplifier implemented in a single periodically poled LN (PPLN) microresonator. Near-full-depth domain inversion is achieved simultaneously with highly over-coupled resonances, exhibiting escape efficiencies exceeding 90% and intrinsic quality factors above 2.5 million in a 0.6 mm$^2$ X-cut TF-PPLN resonator, enabling efficient squeezing at 1587 nm when pumped at 793.5 nm. Operating in the continuous-wave regime, we directly measure -0.81 dB of squeezing below the shot-noise limit with a pump power of 27 mW, together with +4.29 dB of anti-squeezing. From these measurements, we infer an on-chip squeezing level of -7.52 dB $\pm$ 0.22 dB (95% confidence interval: [-7.96,-7.10] dB), and an on-chip anti-squeezing level of +9.62 dB $\pm$ 0.25 dB. We demonstrate single-mode squeezing at degeneracy with a squeezed-light spectrum exceeding 10.3 THz. This work reports the highest squeezing ratio among integrated $χ^{(2)}$ cavity platforms and the first quasi-phase matched, fully resonant $χ^{(2)}$ cavity squeezer on chip, establishing a scalable route to fully integrated power-efficient squeezed-light sources for quantum-enhanced sensing and metrology. |
| title | Quantum squeezing in an all-resonant periodically poled lithium niobate microresonator |
| topic | Optics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.22693 |