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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23074 |
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| _version_ | 1866915819995267072 |
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| author | Ganly, Joaquín I. Estrada, Julián Amette Mayo, Franco Roncaglia, Augusto J. Mininni, Pablo D. |
| author_facet | Ganly, Joaquín I. Estrada, Julián Amette Mayo, Franco Roncaglia, Augusto J. Mininni, Pablo D. |
| contents | We study a finite-time thermodynamic refrigeration cycle realized numerically in three-dimensional, weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The setup consists of three spatially separated condensates -- system, piston, and reservoir -- coupled through time-dependent potential barriers that implement compression, expansion, and contact strokes. Finite-temperature initial states are generated with the Stochastic Ginzburg-Landau equation, and the subsequent dynamics are evolved using the truncated Gross-Pitaevskii equation. To measure temperatures we use a momentum-space thermometry method that provides estimates for each condensate. We find that despite mass transfer and sound excitations, the protocol achieves successful cooling during consecutive cycles: the first cycle lowers its temperature by ~20%, and a second cycle yields additional, though reduced, cooling, reaching a final ~27% cooling from the initial state. Our results show that interacting BECs can sustain finite-time quantum thermal cycles under realistic conditions, and provide a platform for exploring different refrigeration schemes, optimized control protocols, and shortcuts to adiabaticity. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_23074 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Finite-time thermal refrigerator in interacting Bose-Einstein Condensates Ganly, Joaquín I. Estrada, Julián Amette Mayo, Franco Roncaglia, Augusto J. Mininni, Pablo D. Quantum Gases We study a finite-time thermodynamic refrigeration cycle realized numerically in three-dimensional, weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The setup consists of three spatially separated condensates -- system, piston, and reservoir -- coupled through time-dependent potential barriers that implement compression, expansion, and contact strokes. Finite-temperature initial states are generated with the Stochastic Ginzburg-Landau equation, and the subsequent dynamics are evolved using the truncated Gross-Pitaevskii equation. To measure temperatures we use a momentum-space thermometry method that provides estimates for each condensate. We find that despite mass transfer and sound excitations, the protocol achieves successful cooling during consecutive cycles: the first cycle lowers its temperature by ~20%, and a second cycle yields additional, though reduced, cooling, reaching a final ~27% cooling from the initial state. Our results show that interacting BECs can sustain finite-time quantum thermal cycles under realistic conditions, and provide a platform for exploring different refrigeration schemes, optimized control protocols, and shortcuts to adiabaticity. |
| title | Finite-time thermal refrigerator in interacting Bose-Einstein Condensates |
| topic | Quantum Gases |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23074 |