A Maxwell Fish-Eye Lens in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866908854663512064 |
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| author | Duchêne, Jelte Kath, Elinor Arrouas, Floriane Jang, Hanyi Strobel, Helmut Oberthaler, Markus K. Mehta, Jay Farrell, Liam M. Kirkby, Wyatt O'Dell, Duncan H. J. |
| author_facet | Duchêne, Jelte Kath, Elinor Arrouas, Floriane Jang, Hanyi Strobel, Helmut Oberthaler, Markus K. Mehta, Jay Farrell, Liam M. Kirkby, Wyatt O'Dell, Duncan H. J. |
| contents | We experimentally realize an analogue of the optical Maxwell fish-eye lens (MFEL) using phononic excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). A MFEL is characterized by a radially symmetric, spatially varying refractive index with the remarkable property that rays emitted from any point within the lens are perfectly focused at their image points. While the implementation of such gradient-index lenses is challenging in conventional optical systems, BECs offer a highly tunable platform in which the spatially varying speed of sound of collective excitations -- phonons, the acoustic-wave analogues of photons -- can be engineered and their dynamics observed in real time. Time-resolved measurements of phonon wavefronts reveal focusing behavior that shows good agreement with analytical theory and numerical simulations. This work provides both a geometric and physical framework for engineering effective refractive indices using ultracold atoms, and simulating wave propagation on effective spherical geometries. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_23125 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A Maxwell Fish-Eye Lens in a Bose-Einstein Condensate Duchêne, Jelte Kath, Elinor Arrouas, Floriane Jang, Hanyi Strobel, Helmut Oberthaler, Markus K. Mehta, Jay Farrell, Liam M. Kirkby, Wyatt O'Dell, Duncan H. J. Quantum Gases Atomic Physics Optics Quantum Physics We experimentally realize an analogue of the optical Maxwell fish-eye lens (MFEL) using phononic excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). A MFEL is characterized by a radially symmetric, spatially varying refractive index with the remarkable property that rays emitted from any point within the lens are perfectly focused at their image points. While the implementation of such gradient-index lenses is challenging in conventional optical systems, BECs offer a highly tunable platform in which the spatially varying speed of sound of collective excitations -- phonons, the acoustic-wave analogues of photons -- can be engineered and their dynamics observed in real time. Time-resolved measurements of phonon wavefronts reveal focusing behavior that shows good agreement with analytical theory and numerical simulations. This work provides both a geometric and physical framework for engineering effective refractive indices using ultracold atoms, and simulating wave propagation on effective spherical geometries. |
| title | A Maxwell Fish-Eye Lens in a Bose-Einstein Condensate |
| topic | Quantum Gases Atomic Physics Optics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23125 |