The Split Janus-faced Sun: Magnetic Rhythm and Duality in the Solar Cycle
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866917299066241024 |
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| author | Chen, Weiqi Li, Kejun Xu, Jingchen |
| author_facet | Chen, Weiqi Li, Kejun Xu, Jingchen |
| contents | The solar cycle - most notably characterized by its sunspot activity patterns - serves as a cornerstone of heliospheric physics. This research uncovers a fundamental magnetic dichotomy in the Sun's full-disk field, identifying two functionally separate populations: the Strong-Field Group (SG) and Weak-Field Group (WG). The solar cycle exhibits a dual nature, much like Janus, with the SG and WG operating in opposing phases regardless of low or high latitudes. The SG-dominated cycle represents one facet of this duality and is visually prominent at the solar surface. It is well-established that this component synchronizes with the sunspot cycle at low latitudes but operates in anti-phase at high latitudes. In contrast, the WG-driven cycle acts as its hidden counterpart, functioning in opposition to the SG at both high and low latitudes -- a behavior that had not been identified until now. Influenced by these magnetic field groups, this dual nature permeates the entire solar atmosphere, revealing that the full-disk solar activity is globally modulated by the Janus cycle. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_23641 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Split Janus-faced Sun: Magnetic Rhythm and Duality in the Solar Cycle Chen, Weiqi Li, Kejun Xu, Jingchen Solar and Stellar Astrophysics The solar cycle - most notably characterized by its sunspot activity patterns - serves as a cornerstone of heliospheric physics. This research uncovers a fundamental magnetic dichotomy in the Sun's full-disk field, identifying two functionally separate populations: the Strong-Field Group (SG) and Weak-Field Group (WG). The solar cycle exhibits a dual nature, much like Janus, with the SG and WG operating in opposing phases regardless of low or high latitudes. The SG-dominated cycle represents one facet of this duality and is visually prominent at the solar surface. It is well-established that this component synchronizes with the sunspot cycle at low latitudes but operates in anti-phase at high latitudes. In contrast, the WG-driven cycle acts as its hidden counterpart, functioning in opposition to the SG at both high and low latitudes -- a behavior that had not been identified until now. Influenced by these magnetic field groups, this dual nature permeates the entire solar atmosphere, revealing that the full-disk solar activity is globally modulated by the Janus cycle. |
| title | The Split Janus-faced Sun: Magnetic Rhythm and Duality in the Solar Cycle |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23641 |