The Shape of Eccentricity: Rapid Classification of Eccentric Binaries with the Wavelet Scattering Transform
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2026
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| _version_ | 1866915823525822464 |
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| author | Canizares, Priscilla Staelens, Seppe J. Romero-Shaw, Isobel |
| author_facet | Canizares, Priscilla Staelens, Seppe J. Romero-Shaw, Isobel |
| contents | The gravitational-wave (GW) detections reported by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration have so far been consistent with quasi-circular compact binary coalescences (CBCs). Nevertheless, a small fraction of binaries driven to merge through dynamical interactions in dense stellar environments or in field triples may retain measurable orbital eccentricity when entering the sensitive frequency band of LVK detectors. Confident measurement of eccentricity in the LVK band would provide strong evidence for such dynamically driven mergers; however, eccentric gravitational-waveform models are computationally expensive, and performing production-level inference on all detected signals is not an efficient use of resources when eccentric signals are expected to be rare. An intermediate step between detection and analysis, in which the signal is assessed for the potential presence of eccentricity, could provide quick recommendations for which signals should undergo full eccentric inference. We apply the wavelet scattering transform (WST) to a large set of synthetic waveforms in realistic noise and assess its discriminatory power using simple linear and shallow neural-network classifiers. We find that the WST representation enables effective discrimination between eccentric and quasi-circular binaries and provides a compact multi-scale representation of GW signals. Our approach achieves ~64% percent detection accuracy at a false alarm rate of 10%, with an AUC of 0.844 and an average precision of 0.876. We also examine the ability of our classifiers to distinguish eccentricity from spin-induced precession and find robust performance across a range of spin-precession magnitudes. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_24079 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The Shape of Eccentricity: Rapid Classification of Eccentric Binaries with the Wavelet Scattering Transform Canizares, Priscilla Staelens, Seppe J. Romero-Shaw, Isobel General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena The gravitational-wave (GW) detections reported by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration have so far been consistent with quasi-circular compact binary coalescences (CBCs). Nevertheless, a small fraction of binaries driven to merge through dynamical interactions in dense stellar environments or in field triples may retain measurable orbital eccentricity when entering the sensitive frequency band of LVK detectors. Confident measurement of eccentricity in the LVK band would provide strong evidence for such dynamically driven mergers; however, eccentric gravitational-waveform models are computationally expensive, and performing production-level inference on all detected signals is not an efficient use of resources when eccentric signals are expected to be rare. An intermediate step between detection and analysis, in which the signal is assessed for the potential presence of eccentricity, could provide quick recommendations for which signals should undergo full eccentric inference. We apply the wavelet scattering transform (WST) to a large set of synthetic waveforms in realistic noise and assess its discriminatory power using simple linear and shallow neural-network classifiers. We find that the WST representation enables effective discrimination between eccentric and quasi-circular binaries and provides a compact multi-scale representation of GW signals. Our approach achieves ~64% percent detection accuracy at a false alarm rate of 10%, with an AUC of 0.844 and an average precision of 0.876. We also examine the ability of our classifiers to distinguish eccentricity from spin-induced precession and find robust performance across a range of spin-precession magnitudes. |
| title | The Shape of Eccentricity: Rapid Classification of Eccentric Binaries with the Wavelet Scattering Transform |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.24079 |