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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2026
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.24140 |
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| _version_ | 1866912942519222272 |
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| author | Giangrande, Luca |
| author_facet | Giangrande, Luca |
| contents | This manuscript describes a radiation-hardened current-mode delta-sigma ADC fabricated in a standard 130 nm CMOS technology and qualified for total ionizing doses up to 100 Mrad. The operational signal range achieved with a 100 s integration window exceeds 200 dB. The converter is designed for beam loss monitoring applications in high-energy physics, where it must handle input currents spanning nine decades, from 1 mA down to 1 pA, while providing a fast 10 us response time for machine protection. To meet these conflicting requirements, the architecture exploits the inherent trade-off between resolution and acquisition time provided by delta-sigma conversion: a first-order architecture, sampling at 20 MHz, delivers 11-bit effective resolution within the critical 10 us window for critical currents around 1 mA. Integration times above 10 s enable the sub-picoampere resolution required for precise beam alignment and background monitoring. The chip integrates two independent channels, consumes 25 mW from a 1.2 V supply, and relies on radiation-hardening techniques such as triple-redundant digital logic, custom ESD protections, and manual enclosed layout for critical analog transistors. Post-irradiation measurements up to 100 Mrad show no significant performance degradation, and the uncalibrated integral nonlinearity remains within [+4, -5] LSBs over the 1 mA to 5 uA range. The converter's flexibility and radiation tolerance make it suitable not only for the HL-LHC beam loss monitoring upgrade but also for other precision current measurement applications in harsh environments. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_24140 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | A 200 dB Dynamic Range Radiation-Hard Delta-Sigma Current Digitizer for Beam Loss Monitoring Giangrande, Luca Instrumentation and Detectors Systems and Control High Energy Physics - Experiment Nuclear Experiment This manuscript describes a radiation-hardened current-mode delta-sigma ADC fabricated in a standard 130 nm CMOS technology and qualified for total ionizing doses up to 100 Mrad. The operational signal range achieved with a 100 s integration window exceeds 200 dB. The converter is designed for beam loss monitoring applications in high-energy physics, where it must handle input currents spanning nine decades, from 1 mA down to 1 pA, while providing a fast 10 us response time for machine protection. To meet these conflicting requirements, the architecture exploits the inherent trade-off between resolution and acquisition time provided by delta-sigma conversion: a first-order architecture, sampling at 20 MHz, delivers 11-bit effective resolution within the critical 10 us window for critical currents around 1 mA. Integration times above 10 s enable the sub-picoampere resolution required for precise beam alignment and background monitoring. The chip integrates two independent channels, consumes 25 mW from a 1.2 V supply, and relies on radiation-hardening techniques such as triple-redundant digital logic, custom ESD protections, and manual enclosed layout for critical analog transistors. Post-irradiation measurements up to 100 Mrad show no significant performance degradation, and the uncalibrated integral nonlinearity remains within [+4, -5] LSBs over the 1 mA to 5 uA range. The converter's flexibility and radiation tolerance make it suitable not only for the HL-LHC beam loss monitoring upgrade but also for other precision current measurement applications in harsh environments. |
| title | A 200 dB Dynamic Range Radiation-Hard Delta-Sigma Current Digitizer for Beam Loss Monitoring |
| topic | Instrumentation and Detectors Systems and Control High Energy Physics - Experiment Nuclear Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.24140 |