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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.24185 |
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| _version_ | 1866914357973090304 |
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| author | Wang, Meiqi Chen, Bin Wickline, Mallory Yu, Sijie Krucker, Sam Lee, Jeongwoo Wang, Haimin |
| author_facet | Wang, Meiqi Chen, Bin Wickline, Mallory Yu, Sijie Krucker, Sam Lee, Jeongwoo Wang, Haimin |
| contents | When in situ solar energetic electron (SEE) events are closely associated with nonthermal flares, the escaping electron population is frequently observed to be much smaller than the nonthermal-radiation-emitting population near the solar surface. If a single accelerated population drives both signatures, the physical mechanism causing this severe deficit of upward-propagating electrons remains poorly understood.Focusing on one of the 2022 November 10--12 SEE events associated with recurrent solar jets and interplanetary type III radio bursts, we present a new, combined microwave--X-ray analysis using the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array (EOVSA) and the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) aboard Solar Orbiter. This synergy enables, for the first time for such an event, spatially resolved diagnostics over a broad energy spectrum of the near-Sun energetic electrons, complemented by in situ measurements made by spacecraft at multiple heliocentric longitudes and distances. Consistent with earlier results based on in situ and X-ray data, our results show that only 0.1--1\% of energetic electrons escape into interplanetary space. Crucially, the new microwave spectral imaging analysis suggests that energetic electrons are strongly concentrated in a compact region just above a mini-flare arcade at the base of the jet spire, and that their number density decreases by at least two orders of magnitude in the direction of the jet spire away from this region. This steep gradient, revealed by the microwave diagnostics, points to efficient local acceleration and trapping in the region analogous to the above-the-looptop ``magnetic bottle'' region in major eruptive flares, allowing only a small fraction of electrons to access open magnetic field lines and enter interplanetary space. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_24185 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Few Made It Out: A Multi-Messenger Study of an In Situ Solar Energetic Electron Event Driven by a Solar Jet Wang, Meiqi Chen, Bin Wickline, Mallory Yu, Sijie Krucker, Sam Lee, Jeongwoo Wang, Haimin Solar and Stellar Astrophysics When in situ solar energetic electron (SEE) events are closely associated with nonthermal flares, the escaping electron population is frequently observed to be much smaller than the nonthermal-radiation-emitting population near the solar surface. If a single accelerated population drives both signatures, the physical mechanism causing this severe deficit of upward-propagating electrons remains poorly understood.Focusing on one of the 2022 November 10--12 SEE events associated with recurrent solar jets and interplanetary type III radio bursts, we present a new, combined microwave--X-ray analysis using the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array (EOVSA) and the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) aboard Solar Orbiter. This synergy enables, for the first time for such an event, spatially resolved diagnostics over a broad energy spectrum of the near-Sun energetic electrons, complemented by in situ measurements made by spacecraft at multiple heliocentric longitudes and distances. Consistent with earlier results based on in situ and X-ray data, our results show that only 0.1--1\% of energetic electrons escape into interplanetary space. Crucially, the new microwave spectral imaging analysis suggests that energetic electrons are strongly concentrated in a compact region just above a mini-flare arcade at the base of the jet spire, and that their number density decreases by at least two orders of magnitude in the direction of the jet spire away from this region. This steep gradient, revealed by the microwave diagnostics, points to efficient local acceleration and trapping in the region analogous to the above-the-looptop ``magnetic bottle'' region in major eruptive flares, allowing only a small fraction of electrons to access open magnetic field lines and enter interplanetary space. |
| title | Few Made It Out: A Multi-Messenger Study of an In Situ Solar Energetic Electron Event Driven by a Solar Jet |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.24185 |