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Main Authors: Zhang, Xiaolong, Zhang, Jianwei, Sevim, Selim, Demir, Emek, Eksi, Ece, Song, Xubo
Format: Preprint
Published: 2026
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.24251
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author Zhang, Xiaolong
Zhang, Jianwei
Sevim, Selim
Demir, Emek
Eksi, Ece
Song, Xubo
author_facet Zhang, Xiaolong
Zhang, Jianwei
Sevim, Selim
Demir, Emek
Eksi, Ece
Song, Xubo
contents Batch effects arising from technical variations in histopathology staining protocols, scanners, and acquisition pipelines pose a persistent challenge for computational pathology, hindering cross-batch generalization and limiting reliable deployment of models across clinical sites. In this work, we introduce Latent Manifold Compaction (LMC), an unsupervised representation learning framework that performs image harmonization by learning batch-invariant embeddings from a single source dataset through explicit compaction of stain-induced latent manifolds. This allows LMC to generalize to target domain data unseen during training. Evaluated on three challenging public and in-house benchmarks, LMC substantially reduces batch-induced separations across multiple datasets and consistently outperforms state-of-the-art normalization methods in downstream cross-batch classification and detection tasks, enabling superior generalization.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2602_24251
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Histopathology Image Normalization via Latent Manifold Compaction
Zhang, Xiaolong
Zhang, Jianwei
Sevim, Selim
Demir, Emek
Eksi, Ece
Song, Xubo
Machine Learning
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Batch effects arising from technical variations in histopathology staining protocols, scanners, and acquisition pipelines pose a persistent challenge for computational pathology, hindering cross-batch generalization and limiting reliable deployment of models across clinical sites. In this work, we introduce Latent Manifold Compaction (LMC), an unsupervised representation learning framework that performs image harmonization by learning batch-invariant embeddings from a single source dataset through explicit compaction of stain-induced latent manifolds. This allows LMC to generalize to target domain data unseen during training. Evaluated on three challenging public and in-house benchmarks, LMC substantially reduces batch-induced separations across multiple datasets and consistently outperforms state-of-the-art normalization methods in downstream cross-batch classification and detection tasks, enabling superior generalization.
title Histopathology Image Normalization via Latent Manifold Compaction
topic Machine Learning
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.24251