Cosmological and Astrophysical Constraints on Late First-Order Phase Transitions
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arXiv
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| Auteurs principaux: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866914358911565824 |
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| author | Greene, Kylar Ho, Daven Wei Ren Kumar, Soubhik Tsai, Yuhsin |
| author_facet | Greene, Kylar Ho, Daven Wei Ren Kumar, Soubhik Tsai, Yuhsin |
| contents | First-order cosmological phase transitions (PT) can take place in a dark sector at relatively late times between the big-bang nucleosynthesis and recombination epochs. Because bubble nucleation is stochastic, the PT completes at different times in different regions of the Universe. This fluctuation sources a curvature perturbation whose (dimensionless) power spectrum ${\cal P}_ζ(k)$ features a universal infrared tail, independent of the microscopic details of the PT. Even in the absence of any non-gravitational interaction between the dark sector and the Standard Model, these additional curvature perturbations at small scales impact a variety of observables. We derive new constraints on dark sector phase transitions using {\it Planck}, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), Lyman-$α$ observations, spectral distortion limits from FIRAS, constraints on early reionization, and the existence of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_00272 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Cosmological and Astrophysical Constraints on Late First-Order Phase Transitions Greene, Kylar Ho, Daven Wei Ren Kumar, Soubhik Tsai, Yuhsin High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics First-order cosmological phase transitions (PT) can take place in a dark sector at relatively late times between the big-bang nucleosynthesis and recombination epochs. Because bubble nucleation is stochastic, the PT completes at different times in different regions of the Universe. This fluctuation sources a curvature perturbation whose (dimensionless) power spectrum ${\cal P}_ζ(k)$ features a universal infrared tail, independent of the microscopic details of the PT. Even in the absence of any non-gravitational interaction between the dark sector and the Standard Model, these additional curvature perturbations at small scales impact a variety of observables. We derive new constraints on dark sector phase transitions using {\it Planck}, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), Lyman-$α$ observations, spectral distortion limits from FIRAS, constraints on early reionization, and the existence of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies. |
| title | Cosmological and Astrophysical Constraints on Late First-Order Phase Transitions |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.00272 |