CensorLess: Cost-Efficient Censorship Circumvention Through Serverless Cloud Functions

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Kang, Dayeon, Sheffey, Jade, Wu, Mingshi, Datta, Pubali, Houmansadr, Amir
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Kang, Dayeon
Sheffey, Jade
Wu, Mingshi
Datta, Pubali
Houmansadr, Amir
author_facet Kang, Dayeon
Sheffey, Jade
Wu, Mingshi
Datta, Pubali
Houmansadr, Amir
contents With the increase in Internet censorship globally, various circumvention tools have been designed and developed. However, the monetary cost of these tools deeply impacts both user choice and the sustainability of provider operations. Recent developments in censorship circumvention research attempted to achieve cost efficiency by utilizing Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) spot instances as bridges, but still incurred substantial expenses related to network connectivity and instance maintenance. In this work, we present CensorLess, a circumvention proxy built leveraging the unique benefits of a serverless platform. CensorLess comprises three components: a local proxy that handles client-side communication and ensures compliance with serverless functions' security restrictions, a function refresher that periodically regenerates bridges, and a live migration mechanism that maintains continuous connectivity. CensorLess inherits the serverless platform's cost efficiency, ephemerality, scalability, concurrency, and performance. Compared to existing low-cost, state-of-the-art circumvention techniques, CensorLess reduces costs by 97%, while simultaneously enabling robust censorship resistance by employing bridge rotation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_00345
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle CensorLess: Cost-Efficient Censorship Circumvention Through Serverless Cloud Functions
Kang, Dayeon
Sheffey, Jade
Wu, Mingshi
Datta, Pubali
Houmansadr, Amir
Cryptography and Security
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Networking and Internet Architecture
With the increase in Internet censorship globally, various circumvention tools have been designed and developed. However, the monetary cost of these tools deeply impacts both user choice and the sustainability of provider operations. Recent developments in censorship circumvention research attempted to achieve cost efficiency by utilizing Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) spot instances as bridges, but still incurred substantial expenses related to network connectivity and instance maintenance. In this work, we present CensorLess, a circumvention proxy built leveraging the unique benefits of a serverless platform. CensorLess comprises three components: a local proxy that handles client-side communication and ensures compliance with serverless functions' security restrictions, a function refresher that periodically regenerates bridges, and a live migration mechanism that maintains continuous connectivity. CensorLess inherits the serverless platform's cost efficiency, ephemerality, scalability, concurrency, and performance. Compared to existing low-cost, state-of-the-art circumvention techniques, CensorLess reduces costs by 97%, while simultaneously enabling robust censorship resistance by employing bridge rotation.
title CensorLess: Cost-Efficient Censorship Circumvention Through Serverless Cloud Functions
topic Cryptography and Security
Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Networking and Internet Architecture
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.00345