Privacy Cards for Surfacing Mental Models and Exploring Privacy Concerns: A Case Study of Voice-First Ambient Interfaces with Older Adults

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Cuadra, Andrea, Sabie, Samar, Shvartzshnaider, Yan, Estrin, Deborah
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2026
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author Cuadra, Andrea
Sabie, Samar
Shvartzshnaider, Yan
Estrin, Deborah
author_facet Cuadra, Andrea
Sabie, Samar
Shvartzshnaider, Yan
Estrin, Deborah
contents We investigate the ethical and privacy implications of voice-first ambient interfaces (VFAIs) for aging in place through an in-depth engagement with five older adults. Our participants were in the process of becoming experienced VFAI users, and had used a VFAI-based design probe for health data reporting. We create and iteratively refine an interview protocol using Privacy Cards. We customize Privacy Cards by drawing on participants' previous interviews and device usage logs. Using Privacy Cards, we conduct interviews to surface their mental models, and explore their privacy concerns. We find insufficient mental models for proper consent. For example, participants did not know who could access their data, and experienced difficulty distinguishing built-in functionality from third-party apps. Participants initially expressed little worry about VFAI-related ethical concerns, but interviews with Privacy Cards revealed nuanced issues, resulting in various implications for future research and design.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_00384
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Privacy Cards for Surfacing Mental Models and Exploring Privacy Concerns: A Case Study of Voice-First Ambient Interfaces with Older Adults
Cuadra, Andrea
Sabie, Samar
Shvartzshnaider, Yan
Estrin, Deborah
Human-Computer Interaction
Computers and Society
We investigate the ethical and privacy implications of voice-first ambient interfaces (VFAIs) for aging in place through an in-depth engagement with five older adults. Our participants were in the process of becoming experienced VFAI users, and had used a VFAI-based design probe for health data reporting. We create and iteratively refine an interview protocol using Privacy Cards. We customize Privacy Cards by drawing on participants' previous interviews and device usage logs. Using Privacy Cards, we conduct interviews to surface their mental models, and explore their privacy concerns. We find insufficient mental models for proper consent. For example, participants did not know who could access their data, and experienced difficulty distinguishing built-in functionality from third-party apps. Participants initially expressed little worry about VFAI-related ethical concerns, but interviews with Privacy Cards revealed nuanced issues, resulting in various implications for future research and design.
title Privacy Cards for Surfacing Mental Models and Exploring Privacy Concerns: A Case Study of Voice-First Ambient Interfaces with Older Adults
topic Human-Computer Interaction
Computers and Society
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.00384