Socio-Spatial Patterns of Suicide Mortality in the United States
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| author | Tiwari, Kushagra Rahimian, M. Amin Charpignon, Marie-Laure Giabbanelli, Philippe J. Kumar, Praveen |
| author_facet | Tiwari, Kushagra Rahimian, M. Amin Charpignon, Marie-Laure Giabbanelli, Philippe J. Kumar, Praveen |
| contents | Suicides cause over 49000 deaths yearly in the United States, 55% involving firearms. Suicide mortality exhibits substantial geographical and sociodemographic heterogeneity; yet the role of social networks remains underexplored. To assess how suicide risk and firearm restriction policies propagate through social ties, we integrate county-level suicide mortality data (2010-2022) with the Facebook Social Connectedness Index (SCI). We also examine Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPO), state-level policies restricting firearm access for individuals at risk of self-harm. In two-way fixed effects regressions, a one-standard-deviation increase in the SCI-weighted average suicide mortality rate of connected counties was associated with +2.78 deaths per 100,000 in a focal county, while a one-standard-deviation increase in ERPO social exposure was associated with -0.214 deaths per 100,000. These associations persisted when adjusting for geographic proximity and including state-by-year fixed effects, and confirm the effect of social networks on diffusion of both harmful exposures and protective interventions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_02131 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Socio-Spatial Patterns of Suicide Mortality in the United States Tiwari, Kushagra Rahimian, M. Amin Charpignon, Marie-Laure Giabbanelli, Philippe J. Kumar, Praveen Applications Social and Information Networks Physics and Society Other Statistics Suicides cause over 49000 deaths yearly in the United States, 55% involving firearms. Suicide mortality exhibits substantial geographical and sociodemographic heterogeneity; yet the role of social networks remains underexplored. To assess how suicide risk and firearm restriction policies propagate through social ties, we integrate county-level suicide mortality data (2010-2022) with the Facebook Social Connectedness Index (SCI). We also examine Extreme Risk Protection Orders (ERPO), state-level policies restricting firearm access for individuals at risk of self-harm. In two-way fixed effects regressions, a one-standard-deviation increase in the SCI-weighted average suicide mortality rate of connected counties was associated with +2.78 deaths per 100,000 in a focal county, while a one-standard-deviation increase in ERPO social exposure was associated with -0.214 deaths per 100,000. These associations persisted when adjusting for geographic proximity and including state-by-year fixed effects, and confirm the effect of social networks on diffusion of both harmful exposures and protective interventions. |
| title | Socio-Spatial Patterns of Suicide Mortality in the United States |
| topic | Applications Social and Information Networks Physics and Society Other Statistics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.02131 |