Isocurvature Constraints on Dark Matter from Evaporated Primordial Black Holes

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Autori principali: Franciolini, G., Racco, D.
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Franciolini, G.
Racco, D.
author_facet Franciolini, G.
Racco, D.
contents We revisit the scenario in which stable particles of a dark sector are produced through the complete evaporation of light primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the early Universe. We investigate in detail the role of isocurvature perturbations that may arise in this framework. PBHs inherit Poisson fluctuations on unobservable small scales at formation; however, in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianity that couples long- and short-wavelength modes, these fluctuations can source isocurvature perturbations on cosmological scales. Such perturbations are unavoidably transferred to the dark sector particles emitted via Hawking evaporation. We highlight the potential impact of isocurvature constraints on dark sector particles produced through PBH evaporation. Along the way, we re-assess the constraints on this scenario arising from the overproduction of dark matter (DM), accounting for both PBH evaporation and gravitational production (freeze-in) during (after) inflation, as well as bounds from warm DM and the overproduction of scalar-induced gravitational waves.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_02322
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Isocurvature Constraints on Dark Matter from Evaporated Primordial Black Holes
Franciolini, G.
Racco, D.
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
We revisit the scenario in which stable particles of a dark sector are produced through the complete evaporation of light primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the early Universe. We investigate in detail the role of isocurvature perturbations that may arise in this framework. PBHs inherit Poisson fluctuations on unobservable small scales at formation; however, in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianity that couples long- and short-wavelength modes, these fluctuations can source isocurvature perturbations on cosmological scales. Such perturbations are unavoidably transferred to the dark sector particles emitted via Hawking evaporation. We highlight the potential impact of isocurvature constraints on dark sector particles produced through PBH evaporation. Along the way, we re-assess the constraints on this scenario arising from the overproduction of dark matter (DM), accounting for both PBH evaporation and gravitational production (freeze-in) during (after) inflation, as well as bounds from warm DM and the overproduction of scalar-induced gravitational waves.
title Isocurvature Constraints on Dark Matter from Evaporated Primordial Black Holes
topic Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.02322