Learning in Markov Decision Processes with Exogenous Dynamics

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Maran, Davide, Salaorni, Davide, Restelli, Marcello
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Maran, Davide
Salaorni, Davide
Restelli, Marcello
author_facet Maran, Davide
Salaorni, Davide
Restelli, Marcello
contents Reinforcement learning algorithms are typically designed for generic Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), where any state-action pair can lead to an arbitrary transition distribution. In many practical systems, however, only a subset of the state variables is directly influenced by the agent's actions, while the remaining components evolve according to exogenous dynamics and account for most of the stochasticity. In this work, we study a structured class of MDPs characterized by exogenous state components whose transitions are independent of the agent's actions. We show that exploiting this structure yields significantly improved learning guarantees, with only the size of the exogenous state space appearing in the leading terms of the regret bounds. We further establish a matching lower bound, showing that this dependence is information-theoretically optimal. Finally, we empirically validate our approach across classical toy settings and real-world-inspired environments, demonstrating substantial gains in sample efficiency compared to standard reinforcement learning methods.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_02862
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Learning in Markov Decision Processes with Exogenous Dynamics
Maran, Davide
Salaorni, Davide
Restelli, Marcello
Machine Learning
Reinforcement learning algorithms are typically designed for generic Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), where any state-action pair can lead to an arbitrary transition distribution. In many practical systems, however, only a subset of the state variables is directly influenced by the agent's actions, while the remaining components evolve according to exogenous dynamics and account for most of the stochasticity. In this work, we study a structured class of MDPs characterized by exogenous state components whose transitions are independent of the agent's actions. We show that exploiting this structure yields significantly improved learning guarantees, with only the size of the exogenous state space appearing in the leading terms of the regret bounds. We further establish a matching lower bound, showing that this dependence is information-theoretically optimal. Finally, we empirically validate our approach across classical toy settings and real-world-inspired environments, demonstrating substantial gains in sample efficiency compared to standard reinforcement learning methods.
title Learning in Markov Decision Processes with Exogenous Dynamics
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.02862