A Graph-Native Approach to Normalization

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Schrott, Johannes, Jakubowski, Maxime, Hose, Katja
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2026
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author Schrott, Johannes
Jakubowski, Maxime
Hose, Katja
author_facet Schrott, Johannes
Jakubowski, Maxime
Hose, Katja
contents In recent years, knowledge graphs (KGs) - in particular in the form of labeled property graphs (LPGs) - have become essential components in a broad range of applications. Although the absence of strict schemas for KGs facilitates structural issues that lead to redundancies and subsequently to inconsistencies and anomalies, the problem of KG quality has so far received only little attention. Inspired by normalization using functional dependencies for relational data, a first approach exploiting dependencies within nodes has been proposed. However, real-world KGs also expose functional dependencies involving edges. In this paper, we therefore propose graph-native normalization, which considers dependencies within nodes, edges, and their combination. We define a range of graph-native normal forms and graph object functional dependencies and propose algorithms for transforming graphs accordingly. We evaluate our contributions using a broad range of synthetic and native graph datasets.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_02995
institution arXiv
publishDate 2026
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A Graph-Native Approach to Normalization
Schrott, Johannes
Jakubowski, Maxime
Hose, Katja
Databases
In recent years, knowledge graphs (KGs) - in particular in the form of labeled property graphs (LPGs) - have become essential components in a broad range of applications. Although the absence of strict schemas for KGs facilitates structural issues that lead to redundancies and subsequently to inconsistencies and anomalies, the problem of KG quality has so far received only little attention. Inspired by normalization using functional dependencies for relational data, a first approach exploiting dependencies within nodes has been proposed. However, real-world KGs also expose functional dependencies involving edges. In this paper, we therefore propose graph-native normalization, which considers dependencies within nodes, edges, and their combination. We define a range of graph-native normal forms and graph object functional dependencies and propose algorithms for transforming graphs accordingly. We evaluate our contributions using a broad range of synthetic and native graph datasets.
title A Graph-Native Approach to Normalization
topic Databases
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.02995