Continuous-Aperture Array-Based ISAC Over Fading Channels
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866917310448533504 |
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| author | Zhao, Boqun Ouyang, Chongjun Zhang, Xingqi Liu, Yuanwei |
| author_facet | Zhao, Boqun Ouyang, Chongjun Zhang, Xingqi Liu, Yuanwei |
| contents | A framework of continuous-aperture array (CAPA)-based integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) under a fading communication channel is proposed. A continuous operator-based signal model is developed, and the statistics of the communication channel gain are characterized via Landau's eigenvalue theorem. On this basis, the performance of the CAPA-based ISAC system is analyzed by considering three continuous beamforming designs: i) the sensing-centric (S-C) design that optimizes sensing performance, ii) the communication-centric (C-C) design that optimizes communication performance, and iii) the Pareto-optimal design that balances the sensing-communication trade-off. For the S-C and C-C design, closed-form expressions for the sensing rate (SR), ergodic communication rate (CR), and outage probability are derived, and high-signal-to-noise ratio asymptotic analysis is conducted to obtain the multiplexing and diversity gains. For the Pareto-optimal design, the Pareto-optimal beamformer achieving the Pareto boundary is derived, and the achievable SR-CR region is characterized. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed CAPA-ISAC scheme outperforms both conventional spatially discrete arrays-based ISAC and CAPA-based frequency-division sensing and communications. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2603_03184 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Continuous-Aperture Array-Based ISAC Over Fading Channels Zhao, Boqun Ouyang, Chongjun Zhang, Xingqi Liu, Yuanwei Signal Processing A framework of continuous-aperture array (CAPA)-based integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) under a fading communication channel is proposed. A continuous operator-based signal model is developed, and the statistics of the communication channel gain are characterized via Landau's eigenvalue theorem. On this basis, the performance of the CAPA-based ISAC system is analyzed by considering three continuous beamforming designs: i) the sensing-centric (S-C) design that optimizes sensing performance, ii) the communication-centric (C-C) design that optimizes communication performance, and iii) the Pareto-optimal design that balances the sensing-communication trade-off. For the S-C and C-C design, closed-form expressions for the sensing rate (SR), ergodic communication rate (CR), and outage probability are derived, and high-signal-to-noise ratio asymptotic analysis is conducted to obtain the multiplexing and diversity gains. For the Pareto-optimal design, the Pareto-optimal beamformer achieving the Pareto boundary is derived, and the achievable SR-CR region is characterized. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed CAPA-ISAC scheme outperforms both conventional spatially discrete arrays-based ISAC and CAPA-based frequency-division sensing and communications. |
| title | Continuous-Aperture Array-Based ISAC Over Fading Channels |
| topic | Signal Processing |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.03184 |